Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) have the capacity of altering the normal function of the endocrine system. EDCs have shown dramatic effects on the reproductive biology of aquatic wildlife and may affect human reproduction as well. Studies on EDCs in mammalian species have often investigated the effects of short-term, high doses on male and female reproductive physiology. However, it is di...

Caloric restriction (CR) extends maximum longevity and slows aging in mice, rats, and numerous non-mammalian taxa. The apparent generality of the longevity-increasing effects of CR has prompted speculation that similar results could be obtained in humans. Longevity, however, is not a trait that exists in a vacuum; it evolves as part of a life history and the physiological mechanisms that determ...

One of the great transformations in the history of vertebrates involves the origin and early diversification of the mammals. Mammals are distinguished from other vertebrates by almost countless aspects of their anatomy, physiology, behavior, reproduction, and life history. Many of these features appear to have arisen as an integrated complex during the early evolution of mammals. An exceedingly...

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand Address for Correspondence Hataitip Trisomboon, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT Kaempferia parviflora (KP) or Kra-Chai-Dum in Thai name is an herbal plant. Thai folk use this plant in q...

Hypothalamic leptin action promotes negative energy balance and modulates glucose homeostasis, as well as serving as a permissive signal to the neuroendocrine axes that control growth and reproduction. Since the initial discovery of leptin 20 years ago, we have learned a great deal about the molecular mechanisms of leptin action. An important aspect of this has been the dissection of the cellul...

Most contemporary studies of photoperiodism in plants have dealt with species which normally flower either in long or short day conditions. There is great experimental convenience and clarity of response in the employment of species which can be qualitatively distinguished as reproductive in a short photoperiod and vegetative in a long photoperiod or vice versa. Phenomenal improvement in our kn...

Life-history traits represent organisms' strategies to navigate the fitness trade-offs between survival and reproduction. Eric Charnov developed three dimensionless metrics quantify fundamental life-history trade-offs. Lifetime reproductive effort (LRE), relative lifespan (RRL) offspring size (ROS), together with body mass can be used classify across four major classes of tetrapods: amphibians,...

Body size has fundamental impacts on animal ecology and physiology but been strongly influenced by recent climate change human activities, such as size-selective harvesting. Understanding the ecological life history consequences of body proved difficult due to inseparability direct effects from processes connected it (such growth rate individual condition). Here, we used cnidarian Hydra oligact...

Human and animal physiology are subject to seasonal, lunar, and circadian rhythms. Although the seasonal and circadian rhythms have been fairly well described, little is known about the effects of the lunar cycle on the behavior and physiology of humans and animals. The lunar cycle has an impact on human reproduction, in particular fertility, menstruation, and birth rate. Melatonin levels appea...

Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) and white bass (Morone chrysops) are the parental species of the hybrid striped bass, a major U.S. aquaculture species. Currently, genomic resources for striped bass, white bass, and their hybrid lag behind those of other aquaculture species. Current resources consist of a medium-density genetic linkage map and a well-annotated ovarian transcriptome. A well-annot...