We describe a 49-year-old man with human immunodeficiency virus infection and stable chronic renal insufficiency who developed acute oliguric renal failure and severe lactic acidosis and who died several weeks after tenofovir was added to an antiretroviral regimen that included didanosine. Although the role of tenofovir in precipitating acute renal failure is unclear, progressive accumulation o...

Expanded clinical experience with the antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents has come with increasing recognition of their renal adverse effects. Although renal histology is rarely sought in antiangiogenic-treated cancer patients, kidney damage related to anti-VEGF is now established. Its manifestations include hypertension, proteinuria, and mainly glomerular thrombotic microangio...

Ethambutol and isoniazid are antimicrobial agents used to treat multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. The most commonly recognized toxic effect of these drugs is optic neuropathy, usually manifesting as a decrease in visual acuity, deficits in color vision and ceco central scotomas. Total visual loss is a rare complication that can be related to ethambutol and isoniazid toxicity. As precipitating ...

Rifampin, an antibiotic widely used for the treatment of mycobacterial infections, produceshepatic, renal and bone marrow toxicity in human and animals. In this study, the protectiveeffects of vitamin C and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the toxicity of rifampin on HepG2 cellswere investigated.Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were cultured in 96-well M of rifampin in the presence ofmicroplate and expose...

Rifampin, an antibiotic widely used for the treatment of mycobacterial infections, produceshepatic, renal and bone marrow toxicity in human and animals. In this study, the protectiveeffects of vitamin C and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) on the toxicity of rifampin on HepG2 cellswere investigated.Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were cultured in 96-well M of rifampin in the presence ofmicroplate and expose...

This article provides background information on the pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in patients who have normal and impaired renal function. Tables are provided to allow quick determination of appropriate dosages for varying degrees of renal failure. The use of serum levels; newer strategies for cefazolin, vancomycin and aminoglycoside dosing; methods of dialysis and associated antibio...

Patients on long term lithium therapy for affective disorders may develop renal toxicity. It may manifest as nephrogenic diabetes insipidus with renal biopsy showing interstitial fibrosis, sclerotic glomeruli and cyst formation. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrates the presence of microcysts in patients on long-term lithium therapy, suggesting a possible cause for their nephrotoxicity. We de...

Cisplatin administration is frequently associated with renal insufficiency and tubular dysfunction. In this article, a case of massive cisplatin overdose as a result of an accidental substitution for carboplatin is reported. The patient developed oliguric renal failure, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, blindness, and severe myelosuppression. A therapeutic trial with N-acetylc...

BACKGROUND Elderly cancer patients commonly have renal function decline. This warrants particular caution during the administration of renally excreted cancer drugs or those with established nephrotoxicity. DESIGN An International Society for Geriatric Oncology task force was formed to discuss treatment recommendations for this group of patients. RESULTS Before drug therapy, the assessment ...

Introduction: Clinical radiation nephropathy can result in considerable morbidity and/or mortality. Renal tolerance (TD5/5) has been stated to be 20 Gy when irradiation has been delivered to both kidneys in 3-5 weeks. Therefore to minimize renal toxicity in these patients, localization and shielding of the kidneys are essential. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of 99mTc-DTP...