For a graphG, let diff(G) = p(G)− c(G), where p(G) and c(G) denote the orders of a longest path and a longest cycle inG, respectively. LetG be a 3-connected graph of order n. In the paper, we give a best-possible lower bound to σ4(G) to assure diff(G) ≤ 1. The result settles a conjecture in J. Graph Theory 37 (2001), 137–156.

Telomere function is essential to maintaining the physical integrity of linear chromosomes and healthy human aging. The probability of forming proper telomere structures depends on the length of the telomeric DNA tract. We attempted to identify common genetic variants associated with log relative telomere length using genome-wide genotyping data on 3,554 individuals from the Nurses' Health Stud...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common female endocrinopathy of unclear origin characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo-/anovulation, and ovarian cysts. Women with PCOS frequently display overweight, insulin resistance, and systemic low-grade inflammation. We hypothesized that endotoxemia resulting from a leaky gut is associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, fat accumu...

We investigate asphericity of the relative group presentation 〈G, t | atbtctdtet = 1〉 and prove it aspherical provided the subgroup of G generated by {ab−1, bc−1, cd−1, de−1} is neither finite cyclic nor a finite triangle group. We also prove a similar result for the closely related relative group presentation 〈G, s, t | αsβsγt = 1 = δtεtζs−1〉.

the specialized structures at chromosome ends, consist of long stretches of protein-bound TTAGGG repeats [1]. In certain cell types, such as germ cells and stem cell populations, the length of telomeric DNA is maintained by the enzyme telo-merase. Most somatic cells, however, lack sufficient telomerase; consequently, telomeric DNA shortens progressively with each cell division. Upon reaching a ...

We analyze proton decay via dimension six operators in certain GUT-like models derived from Type IIA orientifolds with D6-branes. The amplitude is parametrically enhanced by a factor of α −1/3 GUT relative to the coresponding result in four-dimensional GUT’s. Nonetheless, even assuming a plausible enhancement from the threshold corrections, we find little overall enhancement of the proton decay...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a neurodegenerative disease that is the most common type of dementia.ad includes 60_80% of dementia and most people with ad have more than 65 years old.ad causes losing neuronal activity by abnormal proteins. plaques of beta-amyloid and tangles of “tau” protein can lead to ad. recently evidence has found that ad may come from outside of central nervous system (cns) a...

Neotropius atherinoides locally known as Batasi fish and considered as freshwater small indigenous species (SIS) in Bangladesh. The present study describes the first complete, inclusive description of length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), condition factors (Fulton’s, KF; Relative, KR) and the breeding biology in the adjacent river of Chalon beel, Bangladesh. Th...

Gut microbiota play an important part in the pathogenesis of mucosal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, owing to the complexity of the gut microbiota, our understanding of the roles of commensal and pathogenic bacteria in the maintenance of immune homeostasis in the gut is evolving only slowly. Here, we evaluated the role of gut microbiota and their secreting extra...

effect of natural zeolites and nano-zeolite on gut flora, tibia bone characteristics, blood parameters and performance of broilers investigated with 336 male ross 308 broilers chicks allocated to   seven treatments with four replicates and 12 chicks per each. experimental treatments were control (no zeolite supplemented), natural zeolite (0.5, 1 and 1.5 percent) and nano-zeolite (0.5, 1 and 1.5...