The health of dairy cows is an important factor affecting the profitability farms worldwide, and lameness regarded as one most costly cattle diseases. aim this study was to estimate economic cost cow among Kosovo farms. Data collected from 56 were analysed with a farm-level stochastic (Monte Carlo) simulation model lameness. Lameness-associated sources loss examined within included: reduced mil...

The stress of high milk production, along with increasing herd size and changes in facilities and management, has made fertility one of the main focuses of genetic improvement today. In the US, the reduction in calving rate to first service and the impact of this decrease in fertility on the Holstein breed, mainly in the last 20 years, is of major concern [27]. Figure 1 shows the clear trend fo...

The TMR (total mixed ration) technology is one of the most sufficient feeding methods on dairy farms. From a quality assurance and technological point view, regular testing paramount importance to reduce risk extent milk production losses animal health problems. goal was find out how popular monitoring in Hungary is, out, much it may cost for farm year. In course our investigations, we assessed...

Five alternative models were applied for analysis of dystocia and stillbirth in first and second parities. Models 1 and 2 were included only to estimate the parameters required for model 4, and models 3 and 5 are included only as comparisons to the model 4 estimates. Variance components were estimated by multi-trait REML, including cows with valid calving records for both parities. For the effe...

the effects of poultry manure and cow dung in comparison with the nematicide, carbofuran on the yield of okra infested with root-knot nematode meloidogyne incognita race 2 were investigated. two plots of 17×11 m, each naturally infested with the mentioned nematode, were selected for the study. treatments were poultry manure and cow dung each at the rates of 5 and 10 t ha-1, carbofuran 3g at the...

Six commercial dairies from south central Idaho were surveyed to estimate the whole-farm surpluses of magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). Mineral imports and exports were monitored in a 12-mo period and samples from the diets, feeds, feces, urine, and manure were collected at regular farm visits. Soils from manure-amended fields were sampled in the spring and fall. In all ca...

A longitudinal prospective intervention study investigated the effect of biotin supplementation on the incidence (new cases per day) of visible lameness in milking cows and heifers on five commercial farms in Gloucestershire, United Kingdom. The trial lasted from June 1997 to April 1999. Each farm participated in the trial for 18 mo. Within each herd the cows were randomly allocated to either r...

The southeastern United States is characterized as humid subtropical and is subject to extended periods of high ambient temperature and relative humidity. Because the primary nonevaporative means of cooling for the cow (radiation, conduction, convection) become less effective with rising ambient temperature, the cow becomes increasingly reliant upon evaporative cooling in the form of sweating a...

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of BW and physiological status of a beef animal on forage intake. The experiment was repeated over 2 yr with 6 replications of 3 treatments per year: cow-calf pair (CCP, BW = 629 kg), nonlactating cow (NLC, BW = 503 kg), and yearling steer (YS, BW = 305 kg). The CCP was treated as one unit, with the sum of cow BW and calf BW comprising...

description of lactation curve were investigated using sine function, compare it with two functions (dijekstra and wood). the data contained 32233 dairy milk yield records from 93 first parity iranian holstein cows that had calving between aug. 2008 and jul. 2009. actual milk production per day and subsequently the actual production of each animal were available in the first lactation. lactatio...