We discuss a dynamic procedure that makes fractional derivatives emerge in the time asymptotic limit of non-Poisson processes. We find that two-state fluctuations, with an inverse power-law distribution of waiting times, finite first moment, and divergent second moment, namely, with the power index mu in the interval 2<mu<3 , yield a generalized master equation equivalent to the sum of an ordin...

The effect of T6 heat treatment on the microstructure and wear behavior of Al-332 piston alloy containing 1.2wt% iron was investigated. The results showed that the T6 heat treatment changed the morphology of acicular eutectic Si particles to a more spherical form. The heat treatment also reduced the average length and blunted the needle-like ?- phase intermetallics through dissolution and fragm...

Rene-80 nickel-base superalloy as an alloy for production of the jet turbine blades shows high mechanical properties as well as microstructure stability during the high temperature engine operation. In this research, age hardening heat treatment cycle was done on the as-cast Rene-80 superalloy. In the following, microstructure, elemental analysis of phases and macro-hardness of the alloy before...

Software aging often affects the performance of a software system and eventually causes it to fail. A novel approach to handle transient software failures is called software rejuvenation which can be regarded as a preventive and proactive solution that is particularly useful for counteracting the phenomenon of software aging. In this paper, we consider the optimal software rejuvenation policy m...

Restoring adult stem cell function provides an exciting approach for rejuvenating the aging brain. However, molecular mechanisms mediating neurogenic rejuvenation remain elusive. Here we report that the enzyme ten eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (Tet2), which catalyzes the production of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), rescues age-related decline in adult neurogenesis and enhan...

Maturation in conifers includes several distinct and persistent changes in the growth habits of apical meristems. Despite many studies on maturation in conifers, there are still many aspects of the process that have not been elucidated. For example, it is not known why maturation of cotyledon-derived tissue culture plantlets is rapid, whereas the natural maturation process is gradual. Also, it ...

This paper examines comprehensive evaluation of aperiodic time-based checkpointing and rejuvenation schemes maximizing the steady-state system availability in an operational software system. We consider two kinds of maintenance policies: checkpointing prior to rejuvenating (CPTR) and rejuvenating prior to checkpointing (RPTC). These schemes are complementary from each other to schedule checkpoi...