The strength and ductility of concrete improve under multi-axial compressive stress due to confinement effect. Some parameters are effective for considering the confinement in concrete and various stress-strain models were developed by different researchers. Longitudinal and transverse reinforcement steels can influence on confinement in reinforced concrete members. In this paper, various stres...

15. Supplementary Notes Supported by a grant from the U.S. Department of Transportation, University Transportation Centers Program 16. Abstract Inspections of bridge substructures in Texas identified surface deterioration of reinforced concrete columns on bridges continuously exposed water. Initial hypothesis were that the surface deterioration was a result of the acidity of the water in which ...

Highway bridges are frequently constructed as simple span structures with steel or concrete girders and a cast-in-place concrete deck, spanning from one pier to another. At each end of the simple span deck, a joint is provided for deck movement due to temperature, shrinkage, and creep. Bridge deck joints are expensive and pose many problems with regard to bridge maintenance. Elimination of deck...

Reinforced concrete (RC) bridges exposed to marine environments significantly suffer from steel bar corrosion. Steel corrosion is responsible for strength deterioration of and material, damage in steel-concrete bond, spalling cover concrete, so on. This study presents a numerical model that can simulate the structural behavior corroded RC bridge piers under seismic action. In model, corrosion-i...

Reinforced concrete beams are normally designed as under reinforced to provide ductile behavior such as the tensile moment of resistance. In coastal environment reinforcement corrosion is an obvious cause of deterioration of concrete structure, which affects the durability and service of reinforced concrete structure. Structural stability is majorly influenced by strength of concrete. Flexural ...