Various protein kinases including kinase A (PKA), Ca2+-calmodulin (CaMK), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), C (PKC) and mitogen-activated (MAPK: ERK1/2, p38-MAPK JNK) are integral part of different signal transduction pathways, which known to regulate cardiac structure, function metabolism. In addition, these transducing proteins involved in the regulation cation transport, cellular growth, gen...

in analyzing a signal, especially a non-stationary signal, it is often necessarythe desired signal to be segmented into small epochs. segmentation can beperformed by splitting the signal at time instances where signal amplitude orfrequency change. in this paper, the signal is initially decomposed into signals withdifferent frequency bands using wavelet transform. then, fractal dimension of thed...

MOTIVATION In order to aid in hypothesis-driven experimental gene discovery, we are designing a computer application for the automatic retrieval of signal transduction data from electronic versions of scientific publications using natural language processing (NLP) techniques, as well as for visualizing and editing representations of regulatory systems. These systems describe both signal transdu...

The extracellular environment is a complex entity comprising of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and regulatory molecules. It is highly dynamic and under cell-extrinsic stress, transmits the stressed organism's state to each individual ECM-connected cell. microRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory molecules involved in virtually all the processes in the cell, especially under stress. In this review, we an...

Common signal transduction mechanisms, generally referred to as histidine-to-aspartate (His-to-Asp) phosphorelays (or two-component regulatory systems), are involyed in a wide variety of cellular responses to environmental stimuli.i} Such a His-toAsp phosphorelay system generally consists of two or more common signal transducers; a sensor with histidine (His)-kinase activity, a histidine-contai...

Common signal transduction mechanisms, generally referred to as histidine-to-aspartate (His-to-Asp) phosphorelays (or two-component regulatory systems), are involyed in a wide variety of cellular responses to environmental stimuli.i} Such a His-toAsp phosphorelay system generally consists of two or more common signal transducers; a sensor with histidine (His)-kinase activity, a histidine-contai...