The predictive characteristics of the Teller Acuity Card (TAC) procedure were examined in 129 children treated in a neonatal intensive care unit for preterm birth or perinatal complications. Monocular TAC grating acuity at 4, 8, 11, 17, 24, 30, and 36 months was compared with TAC grating acuity (reliability) and HOTV recognition acuity (predictive validity) at 48 months. Most reliability coeffi...

Reliability and validity are statistical concepts that are reviewed and then applied to the field of quantitative electroencephalography or qEEG. The review of the scientific literature demonstrated high levels of split-half and test re-test reliability of qEEG and convincing content and predictive validity as well as other forms of validity. qEEG is distinguished from nonquantitative EEG (“Eye...

This article describes a systematic review of the psychometric properties of the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability (START) and a meta-analysis to assess its predictive efficacy for the 7 risk domains identified in the manual (violence to others, self-harm, suicide, substance abuse, victimization, unauthorized leave, and self-neglect) among institutionalized patients with mental dis...

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of screening instruments with a high clinical predictive value to identify families at risk and therefore, develop focused interventions in primary care. AIM To develop an easy to apply screening instrument with a high clinical predictive value to identify families with a higher health vulnerability. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the first stage of the study an instr...

A recurring methodological problem in the evaluation of the predictive validity of selection methods is that the values of the criterion variable are available for selected applicants only. This so-called range restriction problem causes biased population estimates. Correction methods for direct and indirect range restriction scenarios have widely studied for continuous criterion variables but ...

CONTEXT Admissions interviews are unreliable and have poor predictive validity, yet are the sole measures of non-cognitive skills used by most medical school admissions departments. The low reliability may be due in part to variation in conditional reliability across the rating scale. OBJECTIVES To describe an empirically derived estimate of conditional reliability and use it to improve the p...

ISO/IEC 15504 is an emerging international standard on software process assessment. It de®nes a number of software engineering processes, and a scale for measuring their capability. A basic premise of the measurement scale is that higher process capability is associated with better project performance (i.e., predictive validity). This paper describes an empirical study that evaluates the predic...

Two studies investigated the reliability and predictive validity of commonly used measures and models of Approximate Number System acuity (ANS). Study 1 investigated reliability by both an empirical approach and a simulation of maximum obtainable reliability under ideal conditions. Results showed that common measures of the Weber fraction (w) are reliable only when using a substantial number of...

ISO/IEC 15504 is an emerging international standard on software process assessment. It defines a number of software engineering processes, and a scale for measuring their capability. One of the defined processes is software requirements analysis (SRA). A basic premise of the measurement scale is that higher process capability is associated with better project performance (i.e., predictive valid...

The main rationale behind career grants is helping top talent to develop into the next generation leading scientists. Does career grant competition result in the selection of the best young talents? In this paper we investigate whether the selected applicants are indeed performing at the expected excellent level—something that is hardly investigated in the research literature. We investigate th...