■ CONTENTS Principles of Single Molecule Spectroscopy and Instrumental Techniques 84 General Considerations and Sample Requirements 84 Confocal Microscopy 85 Total Internal Reflectance Fluorescence Wide Field Imaging and Analysis 86 Chromatography Methods Studied by Single Molecule Spectroscopy 87 Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography 87 Silica Surfaces: Normal Phase Chromatography and Capillary ...

We report on the development of an integrated point-wise spectroscopy and autofluorescence (AF) endoscopic imaging technique for real-time in vivo tissue measurements at endoscopy. We implement a unique point spectrum optical design to realize real-time AF imaging and AF or diffuse reflectance (DR) spectroscopy measurements from a small area of tissue of interest on the AF image. We demonstrate...

A phosphorus allotrope that has not been observed so far, ring-shaped phosphorus consisting of alternate P8 and P2 structural units, has been assembled inside multi-walled carbon nanotube nanoreactors with inner diameters of 5-8 nm by a chemical vapor transport and reaction of red phosphorus at 500 °C. The ring-shaped nanostructures with surrounding graphene walls are stable under ambient condi...