OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the functional status of patients with low back pain and the perceived importance of pain-related everyday functions assessed in the Oswestry Disability Index. DESIGN The sample was based on 219 successive adult patients with low back pain referred to a tertiary clinic. PATIENTS A total of 168 patients (76.6%) particip...

BACKGROUND Background: Actinic keratosis is a frequently-encountered premalignant lesion occurring in areas exposed to sunlight in fair-skinned elderly or middle-aged people. Cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen is the most common method for treating the lesions. OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to measure the intensity of pain during cryosurgery by using the Visual Analog Scale...

This paper documents the impact of an after-school program called Apoyo Escolar, sited in the most vulnerable neighborhood of a developing country. The outcomes of interest are academic achievement, behavior in the classroom and grade repetition. We designed a field experiment exploiting the existence of oversubscription to the program. We found a novel result that should guide policy design fo...

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Possible mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Clinical consequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Rules of referred pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Dermatomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Discrepancies between dermatomes and myotomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Ref...

OBJECTIVE To determine the consequences of using different external criteria on responsiveness of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) in patients with chronic low back pain. DESIGN Questionnaire measures before and after rehabilitation treatment. SETTING Rehabilitation centre. SUBJECTS Patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain, referred for treatment. MAIN MEASURES T...

CONTEXT Historically, the term greater trochanteric pain syndrome has been used to describe a spectrum of conditions that cause lateral-sided hip pain, including greater trochanteric bursitis, snapping iliotibial band, and/or strains or tendinopathy of the abductor mechanism. Diagnosis of these conditions may be difficult because clinical presentations are variable and sometimes inconclusive. E...