According to what is perhaps the dominant picture of reference, a referential term refers in context determined by speaker intends for her audience identify as referent. I argue that this sort broadly Gricean view entails, counterintuitively, it impossible knowingly use terms ways one expects or be misunderstood. Then sketch an alternative which can better account such opaque uses language, cal...

The reference to ethnicity in the 2012 National Suicide Prevention Strategy for England (1) is mainly with regard to promoting mental health in Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups. However, there is little detailed information about any specific strategy to reduce suicide rates in BME groups. The Suicide Prevention Strategy and Action Plan for Northern Ireland has only one brief reference re...

　Introduction: Previous studies have suggested that the cerebellum is a primary site of motor learning. The cerebellar cortex has a particular glial architecture with large astroglial cells. In addition, more recent works have revealed that astrocytes play a more active role in neuronal activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of astrocytes in the molecular layer of rat's cere...

background: the objective of this study is to develop a new animal model based on signaling pathways to understand the pathophysiology, therapy of depression, and to investigate the antidepressant activity of enicostemma littorale which is not yet established. methods: animal models of depression were raised by physical methods and administration of methyl isobutyl ketone (100 mg/kg b.w., i.p.,...

Traditional masculinity norms are generally defined as hegemonic because they contribute to maintaining men’s favorable position in the gender hierarchy. Nevertheless, many observers argue that traditional fading away under pressure of feminist movements and being replaced by more progressive, non-hegemonic norms. The present research examines perceptions how viewed three reference groups: soci...