comparison of linear and nonlinear (bilinear) time series models in reference crop evapotranspiration prediction in urmia synoptic stationreference crop evapotranspiration (eto) prediction is one of the important elements in optimizing agricultural water consumption. in this regard, one of the prediction approaches is to use the stochastic time series methods. in this research, ar (p) and arma(...

In Pakistan, on-demand availability of groundwater has transformed the concept of low and uncertain crop yields into more assured crop production. Increased crop yields have resulted in food security and improved rural livelihoods. However, this growth has also led to problems of overdraft, falling water tables, and degradation of groundwater quality, and yields generally remain well below pote...

A new insect growth regulator, Hoe 522 (CME-134), was tested in the field in the northern Philippines for the control of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L which had developed resistance to a large number of insecticides. Hoe 522 was found to be highly effective against diamondback moth populations at all rates from 15 to 105 g Al/ha and performed significantly better than reference produc...

Most ecological data sets contain missing values, a fact which can cause problems in the analysis and limit the utility of resulting inference. However, ecological data also tend to be spatially correlated, which can aid in estimating and imputing missing values. We compared four existing methods of estimating missing values: regression, kernel smoothing, universal kriging, and multiple imputat...

In line with the critical comments formulated in relation to the S-shape global solar radiation estimation method, the original formula was improved via a 5-step procedure. The improved method was compared to four-reference methods on a large North-American database. According to the investigated error indicators, the final 7-parameter S-shape method has the same or even better estimation effic...

abstract in order to estimate the reference evapotranspiration different equation is used. validity of each methods depends upon the climate and the parameters which are used in these equations. therefore it is necessary to calibrate these methods for any specific area and for any desired frequency. in this study common temperature and radiation based methods were used for calculating crop evap...

Throughout the world there is a strong evidence to support the link between poverty and soil conditions. In subsistence agriculture the wealth of people on low fertility sandy soils is much lower than those living on rich volcanic soils. But there are great differences between regions in the world and this talk focuses on historical developments in soil research in tropical and temperate region...

The precise estimation of reference crop evapotranspiration (ETO) is vital for regional and irrigation water resource management. It also beneficial to the rational allocation resources alleviates disparity between supply demand. This study accurately estimates ETO 14 meteorological stations in southern China. Five neural network models (extreme learning machine [ELM], back-propagation [BP], an...