Deep earthquakes have been a paradox since their discovery in the 1920s. The combined increase of pressure and temperature with depth precludes brittle failure or frictional sliding beyond a few tens of kilometers, yet earthquakes occur continually in subduction zones to approximately 700 km. The expected healing effects of pressure and temperature and growing amounts of seismic and experimenta...

We present a constructive proof in Bishop’s style of Lebesgue’s dominated convergence theorem in the abstract setting of ordered uniform spaces. The proof generalises to this setting a classical proof in the framework of uniform lattices presented by Hans Weber in “Uniform Lattices II: Order Continuity and Exhaustivity”, in Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata (IV), Vol. CLXV (1993). 1. Both ...

Motivated by recent strain-limiting models for solids and biological fibers, we introduce the first intrinsic set of nonlinear constitutive relations, between geometrically exact strains components contact force couple, describing a uniform, hyperelastic, special Cosserat rod. After discussing some attractive features relations (orientation preservation, transverse symmetry monotonicity), exhib...

The central part of the Namaqua Metamorphic Province was subjected to intense deformation under high-grade metamorphic conditions up granulite facies, but also shows greenschist facies overprints denoting nature during 1.2–1.0 Ga Namaquan Orogeny. This study examines structural development Kakamas Domain eastern Province, which has not been extensively studied previously. compressional orogenic...

Nacre (mother-of-pearl) from mollusc shells is a biologically formed lamellar ceramic. The inelastic deformation of this material has been experimentally examined, with a focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms. Slip along the lamellae tablet interface has been ascertained by testing in compression with the boundaries oriented at 45° to the loading axis. The steady-state shear resistan...

Batra [1] used a linear relationship between the second Piola-Kirchhoff stress tensor S and the Green-St. Venant strain tensor E to study finite simple shearing and finite simple extension deformations of an elastic body. In each case he found that the tangent modulus (i.e. the slope of the shear stress vs. the shear strain curve or the slope of the axial stress vs. the axial stretch curve) is ...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Needle puncture of the intervertebral disc (IVD) is required for delivery of therapeutic agents to the nucleus pulposus and for some diagnostic procedures. Needle puncture has also been implicated as an initiator of disc degeneration. It is hypothesized that needle puncture may initiate IVD degeneration by altering microscale mechanical behavior in the annulus fibrosus (AF). ...