BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess ethnic differences in Emergency Department (ED) waiting times between Jewish and Arab children in a tertiary childrens' hospital in Israel. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of all children who were admitted to the pediatric ED of the largest hospital in northern Israel, between January 2011 and December 2015. Univariate and multi...

In a multi-threaded program, a thread could be executing some tasks or waiting for events. Therefore, when optimizing a multi-threaded program, a developer has two options: one is to identify critical tasks and optimize their code; the other is to identify and reduce critical waiting. Optimizing tasks can indirectly reduce waiting time in many cases, but waiting time may also be directly reduce...

the paper discusses the current state of research concerning railway network timetabling and traffic management. timetable effectiveness is governed by frequency, regularity, accurate running, recovery and layover times, as well as minimal headway, buffer times and waiting times. analytic (queuing) models and stochastic microsimulation are predominantly used for estimation of waiting times and ...

Cancer progression is an evolutionary process that is driven by mutation and selection in a population of tumor cells. We discuss mathematical models of cancer progression, starting from traditional multistage theory. Each stage is associated with the occurrence of genetic alterations and their fixation in the population. We describe the accumulation of mutations using conjunctive Bayesian netw...

We consider a model of a population of fixed size N in which each individual gets replaced at rate one and each individual experiences a mutation at rate μ. We calculate the asymptotic distribution of the time that it takes before there is an individual in the population with m mutations. Several different behaviors are possible, depending on how μ changes with N . These results have applicatio...

Consider the problem of learning how long to wait for a bus before walking, experimenting each day and assuming that the bus arrival times are independent and identically distributed random variables with an unknown distribution. Similar uncertain optimal stopping problems arise when devising power-saving strategies, e.g., learning the optimal disk spin-down time for mobile computers, or speedi...

We study the rate of true vacuum bubble nucleation numerically for a φ4 field system coupled to a source of thermal noise. We compare in detail the cases of additive and multiplicative noise. We pay special attention to the choice of initial field configuration, showing the advantages of a version of the quenching technique. We advocate a new method of extracting the nucleation time scale that ...

Motivated by service levels in terms of the waiting-time distribution seen, for instance, in call centers, we consider two models for systems with a service discipline that depends on the waiting time. The first model deals with a single server that continuously adapts its service rate based on the waiting time of the first customer in line. In the second model, one queue is served by a primary...