Micro-propagation of olive provides the possibility of producing clones of native plants with appropriate attributes and mass reproduction in short period of time, compared to conventional methods. Apical dominance in olive explants limits the growth of lateral branches in vitro. The effect of Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Olive Medium (OM) and Murashig and Skoog (MS) with carbohydrate source (mann...

A previous study demonstrated that birds that are exposed to light at night develop advanced reproductive systems. However, spectrum might also affect the photoperiodic response of birds. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of spectral composition on the growth and reproductive physiology of female breeders, using pure light-emitting diode spectra. A total of 1,000 newly hatc...

Infrared (IR) radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation. Infrared “light” has a longer wavelength than visible light. Red light has a longer wavelength than other colors of light, and infrared has even longer waves than red does; so infrared is sort of “redder-than-red” light or “beyond red” light. Infrared radiation lies between visible light and radio waves on the electromagnetic spect...

The combination of thiazole orange (TO) and thiazole red (TR) as an internal pair of fluorescent DNA base surrogates ("DNA traffic lights") allows us to follow at least two consecutive DNA strand displacements in real time through a distinct fluorescence colour change from green to red and vice versa.

PURPOSE To investigate the characteristics of the waveform generated by blue and red light stimulations in a dark-adapted electroretinogram (ERG) and those of cone responses in the dark-adapted condition. METHODS The study subjects were 52 persons (88 eyes) with no previous medical history. The author recorded b-waves (rod response) with red light stimulation and the x-waves (dark-adapted con...

The installation of Red-Light Cameras (RLCs) is often based on frequencies of Red Light Violations at signalized intersections. Since frequencies could be influenced by geometrical features of intersecting roadways and overall vehicular volumes (or exposure) there is doubt about their appropriateness in making decisions regarding the installation of RLCs. Inappropriate installation could result...

Improving traffic safety is a priority transportation issue. A tremendous amount of resources has been invested on improving safety and efficiency at signalized intersections. Although programs such as driver education, red-light camera deployment, and operational improvements to roadway geometry have all contributed to a safer driving environment, significantly reducing traffic signalrelated c...

Visible light communication (VLC) using LEDs has attracted significant attention recently for the future secure, license-free and electromagnetic-interference (EMI)-free optical wireless communication. Dimming technique in LED lamp is advantageous for energy efficiency. Color control can be performed in the red-green-blue (RGB) LEDs by using dimming technique. It is highly desirable to employ d...

Direct near-IR excitation of Yb(3+) 2F(7/2)-->(2)F(5/2) levels at 10126, 10138, and 10596 cm(-1) in CsMnBr3:0.5%Yb(3+) leads to three types of luminescence at cryogenic temperatures: near-IR Yb(3+) emission and green and red upconverted luminescence. The green luminescence around 20 000 cm(-1) is identified as cooperative Yb(3+) pair upconversion. The broad red upconversion luminescence band ce...

Red light given to dark-grown etiolated leaves of Hordeum vulgare L. in vivo or to crude homogenates increases the phytochrome content of the 20,000 g pellet on centrifugation. The steroids cholesterol and stigmasterol inhibit this red light-induced phytochrome pelletability. Filipin (a polyene antibiotic, which is known to combine with steroids) inhibits red light-induced phytochrome pelletabi...