BACKGROUND The use of electronic health record (EHR) systems with patient engagement capabilities, including viewing, downloading, and transmitting health information, has recently grown tremendously. However, using these resources to engage patients in managing their own health remains challenging due to the complex and technical nature of the EHR narratives. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to d...

Task difficulty across different macro-genres continues to remain among less attended areas in second language development studies. This study examined the correlation between task difficulty across the descriptive, narrative, argumentative, and expository macro-genres. The three components of task difficulty (i.e., code complexity, cognitive complexity, and communicative stress) were also comp...

Glyphs have long been used to approach the challenge of visualising multidimensional data with geospatial reference. Depending on glyph design, data-dense visualizations several concurrent dimensions can be created. The square-glyph is a compound represent up four dimensions, e.g. walkability indices, reference gridded geographic space (Bleisch and Hollenstein 2018 [Exploring multivariate repre...

Since millions seek health information online, it is vital for this information to be comprehensible. Most studies use readability formulas, which ignore vocabulary, and conclude that online health information is too difficult. We developed a vocabularly-based, naïve Bayes classi­ fier to distinguish between three difficulty levels in text. It proved 98% accurate in a 250-document evaluation. W...

There is a need of matching text difficulty to the expected reading skill of the audience. Readability measures were developed with this objective in mind, first by psycholinguists, and more recently, by practitioners of natural language processing. A common strategy was to extract linguistic features that are good predictors of readability, and then train discriminative classification or regre...

We present a generalizable formal model of software readability based on a human study of 5000 participants. Readability is fundamental to maintenance, but remains poorly understood. Previous models focused on symbol counts of small code snippets. By contrast, we approach code as read on screens by humans and propose to analyze visual, spatial and linguistic features, including structural patte...

This study examined the readability of the AANA Journal, quantifying the effect of peer review on case and research reports published from 1992 to 1994. Gunning and Flesch index-based computer analysis, as well as human comparative analysis, was undertaken. Computer and human assessment of readability revealed improvement as papers evolved from submitted to published versions; however, at publi...

A Discharge Summary provides critical information to patients for managing their post-discharge care. This study analyzes the characteristics of a corpus of Electronic Discharge Summaries (EDSs) with respect to content and readability of its sections in terms of text length and grade level complexity, use of abbreviations and noun phrase complexity based on the Open Access Consumer Health Vocab...