there have been many differences on the subject of literacy or illiteracy of prophet muhammad (peace be upon him) for a long time. many have said that he was not able to read or write throughout his life. they ratiocinate depending on the words of (ommi) and (ommien) in holy quran, meaning illiterate in dictionaries, or the story of the treaty of hudaybiyya. this can be considered as an unaccep...

The present study examined individual differences in the automaticity of visual word recognition. Specifically, we examined whether people can recognize words while central attention is devoted to another task and how this ability depends on reading skill. A lexical-decision Task 2 was combined with either an auditory or visual Task 1. Regardless of the Task 1 modality, Task 2 word recognition ...

This paper empirically compares three estimation methods—regression, calibration, and principal person— used in a household survey for post-stratification. Posttratification is important in many household surveys to adjust for nonresponse and the population undercount that esults from frame deficiencies. The correction for population undercoverage is usually achieved by adjusting estimated peop...

Given the importance of transcriptome analysis in various biological studies and considering thevast amount of whole transcriptome sequencing data, it seems necessary to develop analgorithm to assemble transcriptome data. In this study we propose an algorithm fortranscriptome assembly in the absence of a reference genome. First, the contiguous sequencesare generated using de Bruijn graph with d...

You have an application that reads in configuration data at start-up. Your program consists of multiple threads with similar functionality. Some of the configuration data applies to all threads; the other part of the data applies to individual threads only. The configuration data should be read-only after it has been provided at start-up. This paper introduces the pattern Configuration Provider...

Social psychological research often relies on measures of group identification in assessing levels o f group consciousness. However, for women, the relationship between gender identification and group consciousness may not be a straightforward one. Questionnaire data were used to examine the relationships between measures of group identity and group evaluations with other attitudinal, phenomeno...

This paper presents a solution to the rst-come, rst-enabled`-exclusion problem of ?]. Unlike the solution in ?], this solution does not use powerful read-modify-write synchronization primitives, and requires only bounded shared memory. Use of the concurrent timestamp system of ?] is key in solving the problem within bounded shared memory.

Juvenile stages are often thought to be less resistant to thermal challenges than adults, yet few studies make direct comparisons using the same methods between different life history stages. We tested the resilience of juvenile stages compared to adults in 4 species of Antarctic marine invertebrate over 3 different rates of experimental warming. The species used represent 3 phyla and 4 classes...