The aim of this work was to couple a nitrogen (N) sub-model to already existent hydrological lumped (LU4N) and semi-distributed (LU4-R-N and SD4-R-N) conceptual models, to improve our understanding of the factors and processes controlling nitrogen cycling and losses in Mediterranean catchments. The N model adopted provides a simplified conceptualization of the soil nitrogen cycle considering mi...

Drought is one of the most devastating climate extremes in terms its spatial extent and intensity. Rainfed areas are extremely vulnerable to drought, but effective monitoring may lessen impact such events. This study developed a composite drought index (CDI) for assessing seasonal droughts rainfed Potwar Plateau Pakistan, using remotely sensed observed meteorological datasets. We identified fou...

investigating the role of drought stress conditions on physiological characteristics of plant may provide means to understand basic drought resistance. differences in leaf emergence rate, leaf relative water content (rwc), membrane stability index (msi), leaf mass area (lma), net photosynthesis (anet), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (e), intercellular co2 concentration (ci), ...

Rainfall and seasonality are important predictors of alpha diversity in tropical rain forests. Why this relationship exists, however, is not clearly understood (Phillips et al., 1994; Clinebell et al., 1995; Leigh, 1999; Pitman et al., 2002; ter Steege et al., 2003). Do wet aseasonal forests support more tree species because they have higher stem density (ter Steege et al., 2003), because trees...

INTRODUCTION In Zambia, agriculture continues to be an important source of livelihood, supporting about 70% of the population. The country’s agriculture sector is dominated by small scale rural farmers, who largely depend on rain for crop production, mainly due to the absence of irrigation equipment in most rural communities. Thus any change in climate, mostly manifested as an increase in frequ...

Abstract Tropical dry forests (TDFs) worldwide have an environment-sensitive phenological signal, which easily marks their response to the changing climatic conditions, especially precipitation and temperature. Using TDF characteristics as a proxy, this study aims evaluate current continental climate change across Americas. Here, we show that TDFs are resilient water stress droughts by increasi...

Abstract Drought is a devastating recurring climate hazard, with enormous impacts on livelihoods and attainment of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in semi-arid areas. The current study was conducted to evaluate households’ livelihood vulnerability droughts an African region. A total 384 households from drought-prone region Northern Cameroon were randomly sampled interviewed using structure...

The effect of water supply during grain growth on grain nitrogen concentration (GNC) and grain nitrogen yield (GNY) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in the field experiment on fertile loamy-clay soil in years 2004–2007. The water regime was differentiated using mobile rain shelter (water shortage, treatment S) and drip irrigation (ample water supply, treatment W); rain-fed cro...

A statistical approach is used to explore the variability of precipitation and meteorological drought in Mexico’s Rı́o Yaqui basin on seasonal-to-decadal timescales. For this purpose, a number of custom datasets have been developed, including a monthly 1900-2004 precipitation index for the Yaqui basin created by merging two gridded land-surface precipitation products, a 350-year tree-ring based ...