PURPOSE The aim of this study is to ascertain the subsequent radiobiological impact of using a consensus guideline target volume delineation atlas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a representative case and target volume delineation instructions derived from a proposed IMRT rectal cancer clinical trial, gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical/planning target volumes (CTV/PTV) were contoured by 13 ph...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The radiobiological parameters for liver and lung metastases treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) are poorly defined. This project aimed at estimating these parameters from published tumor control probability (TCP) data, and separately for metastases with colorectal cancer (CRC) and non-CRC histology. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 62 studies with 8...

This review briefly describes techniques and basic results of experimental investigations in mice and rats on metabolism, dosimetry, and radiobiological effects of tritium oxide and some tritiated biogenic compounds (glucose, amino acids, and nucleosides) during the last 10 to 15 years in Russia. The content of water in tissue cells of mammals is shown to be 15 to 40% less than in whole tissue....

PURPOSE To review current opinion on the production and temporal evolution of low-LET radiobiological damage. METHODS Standard cell survival models which model repair/misrepair kinetics in order to quantify dose-response relations and dose-protraction effects are reviewed and interrelated. Extensions of the models to endpoints other than cell survival, to multiple or compound damage processin...

Screening mammography offers the possibility of discovering malignant diseases at an early stage, which is consequently treated early, thereby reducing the mortality rate. However, ionizing radiation as used in low-dose X-ray mammography may be associated with a risk of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. In the context of the harmful effects of ionizing radiation, this article reviewed novel rad...

"Biological optimization" (BIOP) means planning treatments using (radio)biological criteria and models, that is, tumour control probability and normal-tissue complication probability. Four different levels of BIOP are identified: Level I is "isotoxic" individualization of prescription dose D(presc) at fixed fraction number. D(presc) is varied to keep the NTCP of the organ at risk constant. Sign...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to report outcomes and late toxicity following hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy for T2 glottic cancers. We highlight the importance of hypofractionated treatments with shorter overall treatment times, in improving outcomes for T2 glottic cancers. We also compare the biologically effective dose of hypofractionated regimes, with conventional fractiona...