The biohydrogen productions from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) were studied under pH management intervals of 12 h (PM12) and 24 h (PM24) for temperature of 37 ± 0.1°C and 55 ± 0.1°C. The OFMSW or food waste (FW) along with its two components, noodle waste (NW) and rice waste (RW), was codigested with sludge to estimate the potential of biohydrogen production. The biohyd...

In 2003, the Swiss parliament decided to introduce a 10-year moratorium on the export of spent fuel for reprocessing which started in July 2006. Before the start of the moratorium, the utilities were free to choose between reprocessing and direct disposal of the spent fuel. The Nuclear Energy Act states a series of conditions which must be fulfilled for an authorisation of the export of spent f...

This study examined the potential of organic solid waste for biohydrogen production using immobilized anaerobic sludge. Biohydrogen was produced under batch mode at process conditions of 7.9, 30.3 ◦C and 90 h for pH, temperature and fermentation time, respectively. A maximum biohydrogen fraction of 48.67%, which corresponded to a biohydrogen yield of 215.39 mL H2/g Total Volatile Solids (TVS), ...

The massive production of urban and agricultural wastes has promoted a clear need for alternative processes of disposal and waste management. The potential use of municipal solid wastes (MSW) as feedstock for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by a process known as syngas fermentation is considered herein as an attractive bio-economic strategy to reduce these wastes. In this work, we...

BACKGROUND Healthcare waste management options are varying in Ethiopia. One of the first critical steps in the process of developing a reliable waste management plan requires a widespread understanding of the amount and the management system. This study aimed to assess the health care waste generation rate and its management system in some selected hospitals located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ...

This report updates and consolidates previous recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) related to solid waste disposal (ICRP, 1985, 1997b, 1998). The recommendations given apply specifically to geological disposal of long-lived solid radioactive waste. The report explains how the ICRP system of radiological protection described in Publication 103 (ICRP, ...

In 1973, the Japan Atomic Energy Industry Forum published a report entitled “A closed system for radioactivity”. The report pointed out the importance of R&D for P&T of long-lived nuclides as long-term efforts in developing a complete system for radioactive waste management. JAERI started the development of partitioning process for high-level liquid waste and the design study of transmutation s...

Electrostatic and/or high tension separation has been used for the separation of rare metal bearing minerals, foods, industrial wastes, and so on. Since the separation is achieved by the difference mainly in surface conductivity of materials, the efficiency in humid circumstances is very low and the applicability is considerably limited. We applied the following two-stages pretreatment techniqu...

Plasma pyrolysis integrates thermo-chemical properties of plasma using pyrolysis process for safe disposal of solid wastes. It is an environment friendly technology to generate valuable byproducts by converting municipal solid waste, biomedical waste and hazardous wastes at 800-1000°C. Plasma Pyrolysis of plastic wastes generates pyrolysis gas, which can be utilized for energy recovery via diff...

A small tokamak-based fusion reactor can be attractive for actinide waste transmutation. Equilibrium concentrations of transuranium isotopes were estimated in a molten-salt based fusion transmutation reactor. Nuclear performance parameters were derived for two types of fusion-driven transmutation reactors: Pu-assisted and minor actinidesonly systems. The minor actinide-only burning system appea...