The increasing use of beryllium in a variety of industries continues to be a hazard. New cases are still being reported to the UK Beryllium Case Registry, now numbering 60 in the period 1945-1988. The majority of cases follow inhalation which results in acute beryllium disease (chemical pneumonitis) or more commonly chronic beryllium disease--a granulomatous pneumonitis. Granulomatous skin nodu...

BACKGROUND Selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) with embolization of branches of the hepatic artery is a valuable therapeutic tool for patients with hepatic malignancies; however, it is also associated with lung injury risk due to shunting. Diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) is a clinically significant lung function test, and worsening in DLCO is suggested to refl...

Breast-conserving surgery is the most widely used technique in breast cancer treatment. Although it is responsible for the decline in surgical morbidity, its indication in association with radiotherapy can lead to other complications. Radiation pneumonitis is a rare complication (<1% of cases), and its presentation in a non-irradiated area is even rarer. We report the case of a patient with thi...

Early release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) during radiotherapy of thoracic cancers plays an important role in radiation pneumonitis, whose inhibition may provide lung radioprotection. We previously reported radiation inactivates Tristetraprolin (TTP), a negative regulator of TNF-α synthesis, which correlated with increased TNF-α release. However, the molecular events involved in radia...

Radiotherapy is the most common local treatment for lung cancer. The spectrum of its use ranges from early-stage tumors in patients who are not candidates surgery to advanced, unresectable and, very frequently, metastatic lesions. With great interest, radiotherapy has also been currently cited as a source neoantigens, stimulating immune system and enhancing effect immunomodulatory drugs. Howeve...

Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR), formed by an electron beam traveling above a grating, is a very promising source of coherent radiation from the THz to the optical regime. We present two theoretical calculations of the SPR from a two-dimensional bunch of relativistic electrons passing above a grating of finite length. The first calculation uses the finite-difference time-domain approach with the ...

BACKGROUND Radiotherapy (RT) is the primary treatment modality for inoperable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but even with highly conformal treatment planning, radiation pneumonitis (RP) remains the most serious, dose-limiting complication. Previous clinical reports proposed that cytokine plasma levels measured during RT allow to estimate the individual risk of patients t...

Purpose: Treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consists of concurrent chemoradiation followed by immunotherapy. Though this combination has been shown to have a benefit in both progression-free survival and overall survival, treatment is often limited the development pneumonitis. One way mitigate toxicity through adaptive radiation therapy (ART), which does not curre...