BACKGROUND Radial dysplasia affects 1 in 6,000 to 8,000 births, classically presenting with a shortened, bowed ulna and radially deviated hand. The optimal treatment remains unclear, with several opposing approaches advocated. This review aims to clarify the long-term outcomes of nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the "wrist" deformity. METHODS The Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Central...

Based on the iterated extended Kalman filtering trained radial basis function neural networks, this contribution investigates the adaptive synchronization problem between different chaotic systems in presence of unknown system parameters, with random noises to the observed outputs and without needing to estimate the system parameters. The input vector to the radial basis function neural network...

Scrapeoff Layer (SOL) data from DIII-D and C-Mod have been acquired and analyzed for radial particle transport based on a particle balance model. This has allowed a detailed comparison for L-mode plasmas. The inferred radial particle flux, Γ⊥(r), is parameterized in terms of diffusive [Deff(r) ≡ Γ⊥(r)/∇n(r)] and convective particle transport [veff(r) ≡ Γ⊥(r)/n(r)]. The magnitude of the inferred...

The aim of this study was to find out whether number and position of K-wires influence the stability of distal radius fractures treated by percutaneous wire fixation. Patients who underwent K-wire fixation for unstable fractures of the distal radius over a period of three years were included in this retrospective study. Radiographs taken immediately after the procedure and radiographs taken aft...

In this paper, an analytical formula to calculate the radial stiffness of groove elastic support is presented. The influence of structure parameters on radial stiffness and homogeneity of radial stiffness is investigated as well. The accuracy and calculating speed of the analysis formula are compared to that of finite element method (FEM). Findings are as following: The calculating speed of ana...

Rats use active, rhythmic movements of their whiskers to acquire tactile information about three-dimensional object features. There are no receptors along the length of the whisker; therefore all tactile information must be mechanically transduced back to receptors at the whisker base. This raises the question: how might the rat determine the radial contact position of an object along the whisk...

PURPOSE To evaluate one aspect of tipless and helical stone basket function that is critical for ureteral stone extraction: the radial-dilation force. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine commercially available tipless baskets and five commercially available helical stone baskets were tested. Two Teflon blocks were positioned with the lower block sitting on a digital scale and the upper block secured t...

Let f be a function that is analytic in the unit disc. We give new estimates, and new proofs of existing estimates, of the Euclidean length of the image under f of a radial segment in the unit disc. Our methods are based on the hyperbolic geometry of plane domains, and we address some new questions that follow naturally from this approach.

Introduction: There is ever increasing evidence to suggest that transradial catheterization is associated with fewer access site complications, shorter length of stay, and improved patient comfort. A principle concern remains the potential for radial artery occlusion (RAO) with a reported incidence ranging from 10-30%. One of the traditional methods used to diagnose radial artery occlusion is i...

This article studies the properties of positive definite, radial functions on free groups following work Haagerup and Knudby [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 143 (2015), pp. 1477–1489]. We obtain characterizations with respect to ℓ<...