introduction the avan cu-fe skarn is located at the southern margin of qaradagh batholith, about 60 km north of tabriz. the skarn-type metasomatic alteration is the result of qaradagh batholith intrusion into the upper cretaceous impure carbonates. the studied area belongs to the central iranian structural zone. in regional scale, the studied area is a part of the zangezour mineralization zone ...

In this paper, porous ceramics were prepared by controlling the composition and sintering temperature of raw materials based on slag from steel refining operations without need for a pore-forming agent. Solid-state processing included phase transformation low-density (2.10–2.90 g/cm3) to high-density pyroxene-based (3.22–3.88 g/cm3). Phase transformations densification investigated means mercur...

Grossmanite, Ca(Ti,Mg,Ti)AlSiO6 with an end-member formula CaTiAlSiO6, is a new member of the Ca clinopyroxene group, where the trivalent cations are dominant in the M1 site with Ti3+ being the dominant trivalent cation. It occurs as micrometer-sized crystals along with spinel and perovskite in a melilite host in Ca-,Al-rich refractory inclusions from the Allende meteorite. The mean chemical co...

Microorganisms are believed to create microenvironments leading to reaction products not predictable from equilibrium thermodynamics and to unique biomineral morphologies. Unambiguous evidence for such environments is, however, rare in natural samples. We have used scanning transmission x-ray microscopy and spectromicroscopy at the sub-40-nm scale, coupled with transmission electron microscopy,...

Abstract Ryugu is a second-generation C-type asteroid formed by the reassembly of fragments previous larger body in main belt. While majority samples returned Hayabusa2 are composed lithology dominated aqueously altered minerals, clasts pristine olivine and pyroxene remain least-altered lithologies. These objects great interest for revealing composition dust from which original building blocks ...