ABSTRACT Background Olfactory communication in cats is of major importance. It is rather complex and includes pheromone-driven and classical odour-based communication. Cats use various marking behaviours to transmit pheromone signals: appeasing markings that have a calming effect and alarm markings that can exacerbate stress. On the other hand, classical odours could possibly complete, modify, ...

BACKGROUND Sensitivity to Salsola kali is a frequent cause of allergic respiratory disease in various regions of Spain. However, there are very few articles in which this allergen has been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS In order to evaluate the tolerance of this extract, a prospective study has been performed. This study was observational, multi-centred and open, involving 88 patients with alle...

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vivo anti-aggressive potential of a standardized extract of Marsilea minuta Linn. (Marsileaceae). The standardized extract of Marsilea minuta was evaluated for its potential effects against defensive and offensive aggressive behavior models of rodents. Marsilea minuta extract was orally administered at three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW...

The authors evaluated the effects on malaria vectors of bed nets impregnated with permethrin over the course of a 16-month controlled study in four communities of Northern Guatemala. Anopheles albimanus and An. vestitipennis were the known malaria vectors in the area. Households were allocated to one of three experimental groups: those receiving bed nets impregnated with 500 mg/m2 of permethrin...

Potential insect vectors for transmission of oak leaf scorch caused by Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., in pin and red oaks in New Jersey were surveyed by placing yellow sticky card traps in tree canopies and fogging with pyrethrin insecticide during 2002-2006. Thirty-seven Cicadomorpha species were collected from 20 genera in Membracidae, Cicadellidae, Aphrophoridae, and Clastopteridae. Of th...

BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the effects of an extract of the leaves of Porophyllum ruderale and laser irradiation on the healing of burns. METHODS Seventy-two rats were divided in four groups: untreated controls, treated with laser irradiation, treated with P. ruderale and treated with both P. ruderale and laser irradiation. Burns were produced with a metal plate on the backs of...

Sutherlandia frutescens (L) R. Br. (Sutherlandia) is a South African botanical that is traditionally used to treat a variety of health conditions, infections and diseases, including cancer. We hypothesized Sutherlandia might act through Gli/ Hedgehog (Hh)-signaling in prostate cancer cells and used RNA-Seq transcription profiling to profile gene expression in TRAMPC2 murine prostate cancer cell...

Chemical substances, whether naturally occurring or artificially synthesized, continue to play an extremely beneficial role in human life. Life would be unsustainable without the benefits by products of chemical reactions, such as oxygen, water, and various types of nutrient substances. Drugs, foods, fibers, pesticides, etc. have been artificially designed and produced for protecting and improv...

A field test was conducted whereby adult Tribolium confusum (du Val), the confused flour beetle, were exposed in Petri dishes lined with filter paper and containing 0–2000mg of flour, to a pyrethrin–CO2 aerosol inside an empty warehouse. Applications were made according to label directions, and beetles were exposed to the aerosol for 2 h. After exposure, knockdown was assessed, and beetles were...

1. Harrison’s rule, which predicts that large-bodied species of hosts have large-bodied species of parasites, has been documented in a wide diversity of parasites. 2. Harrison’s rule has been most thoroughly studied in avian feather lice, which escape from host defence (preening) by hiding in the feathers. Lice that are unable to hide are selectively removed by preening. Preening selects for sm...