OBJECTIVE Patients that initially appear stable on arrival to the hospital often have less intensive monitoring of their vital signs, possibly leading to excess mortality. The aim was to describe risk factors for deterioration in vital signs and the related prognosis among patients with normal vital signs at arrival to a medical emergency department (MED). DESIGN AND SETTING Single-centre, re...

In response to changes in central venous volume, changes in vagal efferent cardiac outflow have been demonstrated in animals but not in humans. In this study, frequency domains analysis was used to quantify modulation of heart rate by respiration and blood pressure in normal human adults undergoing mild central hypovolemic stress induced by blood donation and postural change. In supine subjects...

Pulse oximetry data such as saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO(2)) and pulse rate are vital signals for early diagnosis of heart disease. Therefore, various pulse oximeters have been developed continuously. However, some of the existing pulse oximeters are not equipped with communication capabilities, and consequently, the continuous monitoring of patient health is restricted. Moreover, even ...

We demonstrate burst-mode operation of a polarization-maintaining Yb-doped fiber amplifier. Groups of pulses with a temporal spacing of 10 ns and 1 kHz overall repetition rate are amplified to an average pulse energy of ∼20 μJ and total burst energy of 0.25 mJ. The pulses are externally compressed to ∼400 fs. The amplifier is synchronously pulsed-pumped to minimize amplified spontaneous emissio...

We introduce and experimentally validate a pulse picking technique based on a travelling-wave-type acousto-optic modulator (AOM) having the AOM carrier frequency synchronized to the repetition rate of the original pulse train. As a consequence, the phase noise characteristic of the original pulse train is largely preserved, rendering this technique suitable for applications requiring carrier-en...

Although epidemiological studies have linked particulate air pollution with cardiopulmonary mortality, underlying biological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Unexplored pathophysiological pathways include transient declines in blood oxygenation and/or changes in cardiac rhythm following particulate exposure. In this study, blood oxygen saturation using pulse oximetry (SpO2) and pulse rate wer...

The present paper describes a multichannel digital random pulse generator implemented in a 65-nm FPGA device. The random time interval generation is based on inverse transformation method. The output pulse generation rate, pulse width and the probability distribution function (PDF) of each channel might be individually selected by the computer through a USB cable connection. Statistical propert...

Potential Use of Pulse Oximetry for the Diagnosis of Testicular Torsion Scrotal Doppler ultrasonography (scrotal US) has been commonly used for evaluating patients with suspected testicular torsion (TT).1,2However, scrotalUS isnot available in allmedical facilities. Comparatively, pulse oximetry is easily available at all institutions; it is used for monitoring pulse oximeter saturation (SpO2) ...