The passage of welfare reform renewed a long-standing debate over whether improved public transit would significantly lessen the length of time that people remain on welfare. Language of the act reflects an assumption that it would. On the other hand, the automobile provides such a high level of service and is so widely available even to the poor that it is difficult to comprehend how improved ...

A common objective in mechanism design is to choose the outcome (for example, allocation of resources) that maximizes the sum of the agents’ valuations, without introducing incentives for agents to misreport their preferences. The class of Groves mechanisms achieves this; however, these mechanisms require the agents to make payments, thereby reducing the agents’ total welfare. In this paper we ...

The continuing success of the dairy industry depends upon public perception of the products. If products and production methods were perceived to be bad in respect of human health, the welfare of the animals or the impact of the environment, sales could be severely affected. Animal welfare is of major concern now in many countries and concern is growing in most countries. The welfare of an anim...

Md, Phd Philippe lunetta1,2, Md, MPh Gordon s smith3, Ft Pirjo lillsunde 4, Md, Phd erkki vuori1, di Kai valonen5 and Ft ilkka ojanperä1 department of forensic Medicine, university of Helsinki, finland1, injury Prevention unit, national institute for Health & Welfare, finland2, department of epidemiology & Public Health, university of Maryland, uSa3, alcohol & drug analytics unit, national inst...

Introduction: In June 2002, the Ministry of public health, welfare and sport asked two organisations in partnership with de Dutch Alzheimer Association (DAA) to develop an nationwide programme for regional providers of care, welfare an cure to improve dementia care from client perspective. The result, of the Dutch National Dementia improvement program (NDP), is almost nationwide implemented (95%).

The problem of determining the optimal level of output for goods and services produced by government and determining the best means of rationing these among people is an important one. The level of aggregate economic welfare depends on both the output level chosen and the mechanism used to distribute this output. Public decisions make implicit judgments on both output and rationing devices with...

Faced with social and health system capacity constraints and rising and changing demand for welfare services, governments and welfare providers are increasingly relying on innovation to help support and enhance services. However, the evidence reported by several studies indicates that the realization of that potential is not an easy task. Innovations can be deemed inherently complex to implemen...

The financing structure of any large public service system both reveals the priorities held by policymakers and drives the delivery of services. Of the $11.2 billion in public funds for child welfare services, somewhat less than half is federal. As this article explains, federal funds for child welfare overwhelmingly go to support out-of-home care (foster care and adoption services), and these ...

Welfare of animals in livestock production systems is now widely defined in terms of 3 classes of measures: veterinary health, mental well-being (or feelings), and natural behaviors. Several well-documented points of tension exist among welfare indicators in these 3 classes. Strategies that aim to improve welfare using genetics can increase resistance to disease and may also be able to relieve ...