INTRODUCTION Tobacco smoke affects the health of non-smokers by exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS). The Indian Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (COTPA) Act 2003 Section 4 aims to reduce exposure to SHS. Awareness and compliance to COTPA are key to achieving its intended outcome. We assessed: a) awareness among persons responsible for compliance (PRC) and authorized officers (AO), and b) c...

the aim of this study is to investigate competency requirements of iranian public librarians in library educational departments and working places. a group of 72 people from public libraries answered to questions. questions cover all areas of library performances. the results show that the traditional competencies such as cataloging, management of collections, information resources and acquisit...

Jonathan Caulkins, Ph.D., Heinz School of Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University (and RAND Drug Policy Research Center), specializes in systems analysis of social policy problems, with a focus on issues pertaining to drugs, crime, and violence. He received a B.S. and M.S. in Systems Science from Washington University, an S.M. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Ph.D. in Oper...

along with improvement and expansion if computational communications and increasing access of various peoples to the internet and virtual social networks, a lot of theoretical endeavors have been spent for studying the internet and its political and social effects. during these attempts, the concept of public sphere in the framework of habermas's theory has a significant status. accordingl...

The Social Media application Strava is used by exercisers to track running and cycling activities. Strava is carried with the exerciser and displays trophies and leaderboards to reward competitive performance. We were prompted by an auto-ethnographic account of Strava use to examine the way in which a particular stretch of running track around a lake showed up differently to the runner once Str...

OBJECTIVE To measure secondhand smoke levels in workplaces in Guatemala and to compare exposure to levels in other Latin American cities. METHODS Exposure was estimated by passive sampling of vapor phase nicotine using a filter badge. Filters were placed in 1 hospital, 1 school, 2 universities, 1 government building, the airport, and 10 restaurants/bars. In total, 103 filters were deployed (p...

Postcolonial theory has tended to focus on those spaces where European colonialism has had a territorial and political history. This is unsurprising, as much of the world is in this sense 'postcolonial'. But not all of it. This article focuses on Poland, often theorised as peripheral to 'old Europe', and explores the application of postcolonial analyses to this 'other' place. The article draws ...

Efforts to achieve effective and meaningful patient and public involvement (PPI) in healthcare have existed for nearly a century, albeit with limited success. This brief commentary discusses a recent paper by Carter and Martin exploring the “Challenges Facing Healthwatch, a New Consumer Champion in England,” and places these challenges in the context of the broader struggle to give a voice to h...