Fox, Eugene N. (University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.). Intracellular M protein of group A Streptococcus. J. Bacteriol. 85:536-540. 1963.-A heat-labile M protein antigen in protoplasts of a type 14 strain of group A Streptococcus has been demonstrated in a soluble form in the cytoplasm, and also bound to the protoplasmic membrane. When trypsinized whole cells (from which the M protein on the cel...

Grooves on the surface of the plasmalemma(plasma membrane) of frozen-etched yeast cells have been shown by many investigators (1, 10, 12) . Necas et al. (13) showed interconnected grooves on the surface of frozen-etched Saccharomyces cerevisiae protoplasts, but such structures could not be so effectively demonstrated in frozen-etched protoplasts prefixed in glutaraldehyde . Structures comparabl...

RELATED INFORMATION For more information about P. patens as a model organism, see The Moss Physcomitrella patens: A Novel Model System for Plant Development and Genomic Studies (Cove et al. 2009a). The growth of protonemal tissue is described in Culturing the Moss Physcomitrella patens (Cove et al. 2009b), and a method for isolation of P. patens protoplasts is found in Isolation and Regeneratio...

It was proved that the protoplasts prepared from mesophyll of Nicotiana tabacum are infected by tobacco mosaic virus. The infection occurred when purified tobacco mosaic virus particles were added to a protoplast suspension in the presence of poly-L-ornithine. The virus multiplied in these protoplasts to a level of 10(6) virus particles per infected protoplast during 24 hours of incubation. The...

We have analyzed the expression of chimeric genes in populations of protoplasts isolated from the photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic tissues within leaves of transgenic tobacco plants and separated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Expression of transcriptional gene fusions controlled by promoters from photosynthesis-associated genes showed a striking dependence on cell type. These patt...