Malawi has exceptionally high rates of population growth (3.1%) and deforestation (2.4%), suggesting a Malthusian link between the two. The most important proximal cause of forest loss in Malawi has been the expansion of agricultural land. Population growth has been an important driver for this process, but is an insufficient explanation by itself. In Malawi’s case, it has been coupled with a l...

Forest resources share attributes with many other resource systems that make difficult their governance and management in a sustainable, efficient, and equitable manner. While some ‘forests’ are small enough that fencing them or protecting their borders from intrusion is relatively easy, excluding beneficiaries from access and use of most forests is costly. The difficulty of exclusion creates t...

Introduction Approximately 87% of the southern forests within the United States are owned by private companies (27%) and non‐industrial private forest owners (60%) (Hanson, et al., 2010). Within these southern forests, more than 61% of longleaf pine, a fire‐dependent species, is privately owned (America’s Longleaf Restoration Initiative, 2014). With such a large holding, land management decisio...

The trade-offs between biodiversity, carbon storage and water flow regulation were analysed in a biosphere reserve area. With the aim of proposing criteria for conservation plans that would include ecosystem services and biodiversity, a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based approach was designed to estimate and map the value of the biodiversity and ecosystem services. The actual protected a...

Tropical moist forests contain the majority of terrestrial species. Human actions destroy between 1 and 2 million km(2) of such forests per decade, with concomitant carbon release into the atmosphere. Within these forests, protected areas are the principle defense against forest loss and species extinctions. Four regions-the Amazon, Congo, South American Atlantic Coast, and West Africa-once con...

Quantification of the downed woody materials that comprise forest fuels has gained importance in Caribbean forest ecosystems due to the increasing incidence and severity of wildfires on island ecosystems. Because large-scale assessments of forest fuels have rarely been conducted for these ecosystems, forest fuels were assessed at 121 US Department of Agriculture forest service inventory plots o...

Altai (also named Altay in China) Mountain Country (Mountain System) is a unique natural region, located on the border between different floristic regimes of the Boreal and ancient Mediterranean sub-kingdoms, where distribution of plant species is actually limited. It is known to have sufficient endemic floral biodiversity in the Northern Asia. Many plants of Altai Mountain System need effectiv...

Increasing urbanisation and industrialisation have led to a dramatic reduction in forest area, and now only culturally protected remnants of natural forests and some new plantations remain in most areas of the north of Iran. To investigate the status of the chemical and physical characteristics of soil under these remnant forests and assess the possible impacts of reforestation on soil properti...

Pesticide-Application-Manager (PAM) is an internet-based Decision Support System (DSS) which automates important processes in crop protection by using up-to-date ICTtechnologies and integrating data from different public and private sources. PAM focuses in particular on supporting farmers complying with legal buffer zones to water bodies, settlements and other terrestrial elements deserving pro...

Sosyal devlet olmanın bir gereği devletin vatandaşlarının ekonomik durumlarını yükseltici tedbirleri almasıdır. Ülkemizde özellikle 1982 Anayasası’nın 45. maddesine göre arıcılık faaliyetleri açısından arıların bal toplayabileceği kaynakların sağlanması “diğer girdiler” ifadesine uygunluk teşkil etmektedir. Ayrıca Anayasa’nın “Orman Köylüsünün Korunması” başlıklı 170. orman içinde ve bitişiğind...