Background: Chitin is an abundant natural polysaccharide found in fungi, algae, and exoskeleton of insects. Several bacterial species are capable of utilizing chitin as their carbon source. These bacteria produce chitinases for degradation of chitin into N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. So far, regulation of the chitinase encoding genes has been studied in different bacterial species. Among Bacillus spe...

Evidence showed that chemokines serve as pro-migratory factors for immune cells. CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5, as the main CC  chemokines subfamily members, activate immune cells through binding to CC chemokine receptor 5 or CCR5. Macrophages, NK cells and T lymphocytes express CCR5 and thus, affected CCR5 expression or functions could be associated with altered immune responses. Deletion of 32 base pai...

The plasmid pALCA1SIFN containing cDNA that encodes the human interferon a-2b was obtained from the ATCC(no. 531667). In this system the expression of the gene is under the control of an alcA promoter. alcA p is a specific promoter for expression of different genes in Aspergillusfilamentous. In this plasmid the coding region of IFN?-2b is preceded by the coding region of a synthetic signal ...

results hpv-16 e6 and e7 proteins reduced e-cadherin expression 3.7 and 2.2 times when compared with control cells (p = 0.0221 and p = 0.0461, respectively). this reduction was greater in hpv-16 e6-expressing cells than in hpv-16 e7-expressing cells. although hpv-16 e6 and e7 increased dna methyltransferase 1 expression 2.6 and 3.4 times, respectively (p = 0.0133 and p = 0.0113) when compared w...

Given that biochemical circuits can process information by using analog computation, a question is: What compute? This paper considers the problem of to distinguish persistent signals from transient ones. We define statistical detection over reaction pathway consisting three species: an inducer, transcription factor (TF) and gene promoter, where inducer activate TF active bind promoter. model c...

Plasticity between Th17 and Treg cells is regarded as a crucial determinant of tumor-associated immunosuppression. Classically mediate inflammatory responses through production cytokine IL17. Recently, have also been shown to acquire suppressive phenotypes in tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanism by which they such immunosuppressive properties still elusive. Here, we report that microe...