BACKGROUND Disclosure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity by infected women is crucial in HIV control. To determine the rates, patterns, effects, and determinants of disclosure of status among HIV-positive women in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Simple random sampling method was used to select 364 HIV-positive women accessing care in HIV...

This study examines the relationship between childhood abuse and partner abuse among a sample of predominantly African-American and Hispanic women, who were patients in methadone clinics in Harlem and the South Bronx. A structured questionnaire addressing demographics, psychosocial and physical health characteristics, depression, childhood abuse, and domestic violence was administered to 151 wo...

BACKGROUND Nearly one-in-ten Sri Lankans are employed abroad as International migrant workers (IMW). Very little is known about the mental health of adult members in families left-behind. This study aimed to explore the impact of economic migration on mental health (common mental disorders) of left-behind families in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional survey using multistage sampling was co...

Recent work shows strong evidence of ancestry-based assortative mating in spouse pairs of the older generation of the Framingham Heart Study. Here, we extend this analysis to two studies of human longevity: the Long Life Family Study (LLFS), and the New England Centenarian Study (NECS). In the LLFS, we identified 890 spouse pairs spanning two generations, while in the NECS we used data from 102...

The health oftwo people connected by a social tie may be interdependent. The impact of the death of one spouse on the risk of death of the other, known as the widow/er effect, is a classic example (Parkes and Fitzgerald 1969; Lillard and Waite 1995; Martikainen and Valkonen 1996a; and Schaefer, Quesenberry, and Soora 1995). The impact of illness in one spouse on the risk of ill health or death ...

OBJECTIVES To explore the effects of a discrepancy between actual and preferred living arrangements on the relationship between living arrangements and life satisfaction among the elderly in China. METHODS Secondary analysis of the 2005 dataset of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey was performed. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between li...

Objectives For older adults coping with a spouse's chronic condition, greater marital satisfaction may not be entirely protective for psychological health. We examined marital satisfaction and gender as moderators of the association between perceived spousal suffering and daily emotional contagion. Based on empathy-altruism and interdependent self-construal theories, we hypothesized that high m...

The financial sector’s response to pressures around climate change has emphasized the role of disclosure, notably through recommendations Financial Stability Board’s Task Force on Climate-related Disclosures. This Perspective examines two dimensions expectations behind transparency and disclosure initiatives: belief that disinvestment is driven by disclosure; investment ‘switches’ from high- lo...