While models of self-control problems have proliferated in recent years, there have been few corresponding advances in measurement. We develop a survey instrument to measure selfcontrol problems and apply it to a sample of highly educated adults. Measured self-control relates in the anticipated manner to wealth accumulation and standard personality measures. Yet while self-control problems are ...

Japan, known as a pro-choice country in terms of abortion, is currently facing the increase of “selective abortions” thanks to new prenatal screening. Efforts to restrict proliferation of new technology has not been successful and it is likely that Japan will turn pro-life by strictly enforcing the Maternity Protection Act (MPA), which prohibits abortions due to “fetal cause”.

BACKGROUND The level of frailty in the older population across age cohorts and how this changes is a factor in determining future care costs and may also influence the extent of socioeconomic and gender inequalities in frailty. METHODS We model cohort-specific trajectories in frailty among the community dwelling population older than 50 years, using five waves (2002-2010) of the English Longi...

We investigate the accumulated wealth distribution by adopting evolutionary games taking place on scale-free networks. The system self-organizes to a critical Pareto distribution (1897) of wealth P (m) ∼ m with 1.6 < v < 2.0 (which is in agreement with that of U.S. or Japan). Particularly, the agent’s personal wealth is proportional to its number of contacts (connectivity), and this leads to th...

A popular explanation for the supposed 'delayed industrialisation' of the nineteenth century French economy has been the inappropriate attitudes and actions of the managerial classes and family firms. To address these claims we model the supply and demand for entrepreneurship and also management success. We analyse a data set of 244 nineteenth century French businessmen, showing that on the dem...

A s the “baby boomers” approach and enter their retirement years, the accumulation phase of their life-cycle is nearly over. Thus, the focus of many researchers, fi nancial services fi rms, and public policymakers concerned with retirement saving is shifting from the accumulation of resources while working to the drawdown of resources during retirement. Retired households are dependent on the a...

During the global financial industry 5.0, it was easier for people to make loans both banks or online. To meet needs of their lives, community also no longer come market, is enough press one applications on respective mobile phones. The convenience this technology gives birth a culture consumerism in society and are more easily debt. research method used library research. This study seeks expla...

We propose a data-driven Neural Network (NN) optimization framework to determine the optimal multi-period dynamic asset allocation strategy for outperforming general stochastic target. formulate problem as an control with asymmetric, distribution shaping, objective function. The proposed is illustrated in accumulation phase of defined contribution pension plan, goal achieving higher terminal we...