given the unmet needs in cancer treatment, extensive research and development has evolved to offer therapies for cancers to extend survival and minimize side effects. immunotherapy, an approach to harness normal immune cells against cancers not only today’s breakthrough but in fact the future of oncology therapeutics. taking into consideration the recent approvals for new lines of therapy inclu...

Death ligand mediated apoptotic activation is a mode of programmed cell death that is widely used in cellular and physiological situations. Interest in studying death ligand induced apoptosis has increased due to the promising role of recombinant soluble forms of death ligands (mainly recombinant TRAIL) in anticancer therapy. A clear elucidation of how death ligands activate the type 1 and type...

IntroductionCombined modality therapy with concurrent chemotherapy and radiation has long been the standard of care for limited-stage SCLC (LS-SCLC). However, there is controversy over best combined practices LS-SCLC. To address these controversies, American Radium Society (ARS) Thoracic Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) Committee have developed updated consensus guidelines treatment LS-SCLC.Metho...

Inhibitory properties of PD-1 receptor engagement on activated T cells are well established in physiologic and pathological contexts. In cancer, the use of checkpoint blockade, such as anti-PD-1 antibodies, becomes progressively a reference treatment of a growing number of tumors. Nonetheless, it is also established that PD-1 expression on antigen-specific T cells reflects the functional avidit...