We explore entry into a foreign market with uncertain demand growth. A multinational can serve the foreign demand by two modes, or by a combination thereof: it can export its product, or it can create productive capacity via Foreign Direct Investment. The advantage of FDI is that it allows lower marginal cost than exports. The disadvantage is that FDI is irreversible and, hence, entails the ris...

This paper summarizes the most important advances of the used crane control technology in perspective of automatic operation of container cranes. Faster and more productive container cranes demands highly efficient yard system. Storage capacity is the limitation for most terminals today; automatic operation offers optimum stacking density and peak capacity equivalent for continuous manning of e...

In the current professional climate, research activities are highly valued with nurses in all sectors actively encouraged to participate. However, working environments for many nurses are such that it can be difficult to privilege research activities in any sustained way. A number of organisational challenges coalesce to impede participation in research activities, including limited resources, ...

We present a patients with persistent position-dependent productive cough and intermittent fever. He was first examined at 38 yrs of age. Chest X-ray showed a severe thoracic lordoscoliosis and an atelectasis of the right lower lobe. Bronchography revealed a total stenosis of the right lower lobe bronchus. Five years later had increased symptoms. Spirometry showed total lung capacity (TLC) 3.8 ...

Abstract We develop a real options model to assess the impact of decoupled payments on agricultural investments. The context that we are addressing is one set by Common Agricultural Policy where farmers eligible for as long their land properly maintained. show non-neutral with respect choices concerning timing and capacity. find they (i) induce earlier investment lower productive capacity; (ii)...

The article presents the results of studying influence quantitative traits on barley plant performance. Thirty typical plants were selected for each 28 genotypes spring two-row cultivars and their height, productive tillering capacity, spike length, number weight kernels from main spike, 1000-kernel weight, performance measured. As a result, we found significant positive correlations between ca...

ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to investigate the long run sustainability a growth path led by multiple non-creating capacity autonomous expenditures in demand led-supermultiplier model for small open economy. Using two different models results show that it impossible have same long-term economic driven non-capacity creating component domestic demand, exogenous income distribution, long-run ...

Distinguishing productive zones of a drilled oil well plays a very important role for petroleum engineers to decide where to perforate to produce oil. Conventionally, net pay zones are determined by applying a set of cut-offs on perophysical logs. As a result, the conventional method finds productive intervals crisply. In this investigation, a net index value is proposed, then; diffusivity equa...

Economies that currently have the same productive capacity may implement different growth rates. This entails that it is insufficient to base international comparisons of welfare solely on current well-being, or introducing the potential for future growth in an arbitrary manner. NNP-based measures trade off current well-being and the potential for future growth in a consistent manner. This pape...

The effects of immigration on the total output and income of the U.S. economy can be studied by comparing output per worker and employment in states that have had large immigrant inflows with data from states that have few new foreign-born workers. Statistical analysis of state-level data shows that immigrants expand the economy’s productive capacity by stimulating investment and promoting spec...