Generalized metric spaces are a common generalization of preorders and ordinary metric spaces (Lawvere, 1973). Combining Lawvere’s (1973) enriched-categorical and Smyth’s (1988, 1991) topological view on generalized metric spaces, it is shown how to construct (1) completion, (2) two topologies, and (3) powerdomains for generalized metric spaces. Restricted to the special cases of preorders and ...

The power consumption for various opamps used in modulators are considered. We rst classify the diierent opamp topologies used in such modulators. We then develop a generalized in-tegrator model that allows us to compare the power consumption for all these topologies. We also derive an expression for the minimum theoretical bound on the power dissipation. We illustrate our results with two desi...

Screening of topologies developed by hierarchical heuristic procedures can be carried out by comparing their optimal performance. In this work we will be exploiting mono-objective process optimization using two algorithms, simulated annealing and tabu search, and four different objective functions: two of the net present value type, one of them including environmental costs and two of the globa...