Developments in risk-transfer instruments and risk management techniques in the last two decades have fundamentally changed how banks manage their assets and liabilities. In this document we show that, for all three sectors of German universal banks (private commercial banks, savings banks, and cooperative banks), asset-liability dependency declined over the period 1994-2007, the decline was st...

In this study, we reinvestigate the question of whether government banks are inferior to private banks. We use cross country data from 1993 to 2007 to trace the different types of government banks. These types comprise banks that acquire distressed banks, normal banks, or no banks at all. Contrary to common belief, the evidence shows that unless government banks are required to purchase a distr...

background: development of organizations and increasing their role in society, the social consequences of their activities and their impact on the various stakeholders has become increasingly important so that the social and moral functions have a big influence on the overall performance of the organization. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between work ethics and organ...

While more and more sectors of the economy are linked by electronic information and communication technologies, one domain is often neglected: non-commercial clients, i.e. private households. As consumers, they play an important role within the market and they should be integrated into the electronic data exchange chain. This article focusses on the importance of homebanking as an example for e...

This paper attempts to examine, using data envelopment analysis, the productivity performance trends of the Indian commercial banks for the period: 1997-98 – 2004-05. Our broad empirical findings are indicative in many ways. First, the increasing average annual trends in technical efficiency for all ownership groups indicate an affirmative gesture about the effect of the reform process on the ...

Innovations in electronic banking in Iran have led to the development in capacities such as payment instruments and transactions by cards, which are known as electronic payment equipment in the Iranian banking network. Financial supervision is required to be increasingly based on reporting and regulatory processes to efficiently and proactively monitor risk and compliance at banks and financial...

This study proposes a political interference hypothesis to explain how political considerations depress government banks performance. In here, we define the political interference as the situation in which the executives of government banks are replaced within 12 months after the presidential elections. We classify government banks into political and non-political banks when the government bank...