The advent of 3D printers has been embraced globally within few years of its emergence. The surge in the acceptability of rapid manufacturing RM technology can be attributed to the depletion and cost of natural resources, waste reduction and sustainability criterion of manufactured parts. This rapidly evolving 3D printing technologies is predicted to grow exponentially especially for the manufa...

Current tissue engineering techniques have various drawbacks: they often incorporate uncontrolled and imprecise scaffold geometries, whereas the current conventional cell seeding techniques result mostly in random cell placement rather than uniform cell distribution. For the successful reconstruction of deficient tissue, new material engineering approaches have to be considered to overcome curr...

The aim of this study is to develop methodologies suitable for conducting multiple organic solvent exposure assessments for workers in the plastic material printing industries. By reviewing the existing sampling and analytical methods for the seven organic solvents used in the industry (including isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, n-butyl acetate, and...

Generating effective employment opportunities is one of the principal challenges faced by development planners in Iran. If investment projects are undertaken on the basis of sectoral priorities in production and employment, the economic and social problems emanating from unemployment will be reduced, helping the Country’s process of development. In this paper, an attempt is made to identify key...

3D printing, also known under the term additive manufacturing, is a technology that allows creation of complex and highly detailed objects using digital model number materials, such as plastics, metals, ceramics. 4D printing an expansion incorporates time, meaning material used in can change shape or properties over time. This becoming increasingly important context Industry 4.0, characterized ...

The Paulownia tree is one of the most important fast growing species in the World and is an ideal multipurpose tree. In this study, the potential use of Paulownia wood (Paulownia elongata) as a raw material for the pencil manufacturing industry is investigated. Currently, poplar, cedar, and juniper species are most commonly used in this industry. However, Paulownia wood is a fast growing specie...

Prevalence of Low Back Pain and its Relationship with Work Ability Index Among Workers Printing Industry