OBJECTIVE The goal was to describe factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination series initiation (≥1 dose) and completion (≥3 doses) and parents' intent to have their daughters vaccinated. METHODS Data from the 2008 and 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen were analyzed to estimate HPV vaccination coverage among girls 13 to 17 years of age (N = 18,228) and to examine asso...

The world's first efficacy trial of a preventive HIV vaccine was completed in 2003. Study participants who became HIV infected were followed for 2 years and monitored for HIV viral load and initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). In order to determine if vaccination may have altered HIV progression in persons who acquired HIV, a pre-specified objective was to compare the time until a compos...

PURPOSE To preliminarily evaluate the immunogenicity and efficacy of the recombinant tuberculosis vaccine AEC/BC02 in which Ag85b and fusion protein ESAT6-CFP10 were combined with bacillus Calmette-Guérin CpG and an aluminum salt-based adjuvant system. METHODS Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times at 10-day intervals with AEC/BC02 or the adjuvant alone and the vacci...

BACKGROUND A group A meningococcal (MenA) conjugate vaccine has progressively been introduced in the African meningitis belt since 2010. A country-wide risk assessment tool, the District Prioritization Tool (DPT), was developed to help national stakeholders combine existing data and local expertise to define priority geographical areas where mass vaccination campaigns should be conducted. MET...

In many experiments, researchers would like to compare between treatments and outcome that only exists in a subset of participants selected after randomization. For example, in preventive HIV vaccine efficacy trials it is of interest to determine whether randomization to vaccine causes lower HIV viral load, a quantity that only exists in participants who acquire HIV. To make a causal comparison...

Equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) caused by Lawsonia intracellularis has recently been recognized as an emerging disease in foals. Whilst the clinical entity, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of affected foals have been well established and described, preventive measures for EPE have remained largely unaddressed. The objectives of this study were to investigate the humoral immune respon...

Uncomplicated infections of the urinary tract, caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli, are among the most common diseases requiring medical intervention. A preventive vaccine to reduce the morbidity and fiscal burden these infections have upon the healthcare system would be beneficial. Here, we describe the results of a large-scale selection process that incorporates bioinformatic, genomic, t...

The overall burden of illness from diseases for which vaccines are available disproportionately falls on adults. Adults are recommended to receive vaccinations based on their age, underlying medical conditions, lifestyle, prior vaccinations, and other considerations. Updated vaccine recommendations from CDC are published annually in the U.S. Adult Immunization Schedule. Vaccine use among U.S. a...

As one of the most influential and troublesome human pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has emerged with many multidrug-resistant strains. After collecting 33 complete A. baumannii genomes and 84 representative antibiotic resistance determinants, we used the Vaxign reverse vaccinology approach to predict classical type vaccine candidates against A. baumannii infections and new ty...

Highlight:Differences in the efficacy of CYD-TDV versus other TAK-003 and TV003/TV005 were discussed.One licensed dengue vaccine is (Dengvaxia). Abstract:Dengue fever most common tropical disease, but there still remains no specific therapy that can overcome it. Special attention needs to be paid this because large increases incidence last decade. As an effective preventive strategy, finding a ...