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Treatment of pulmonary contusion when adequately established is very simple in most cases. Pathophysiological changes occur as a result of the effects produced by loss of chest wall integrity, accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity, obstruction of the airways and lung dysfunction. The alveolar recruitment maneuver is the reopening of collapsed lung areas by increasing inspiratory pressure ...

The first generation of mechanical ventilators were controlled and cycled by pressure. Unfortunately, they did not allow control of the delivered tidal volume under changes in the dynamics of the respiratory system. This led to a second generation of ventilators that allowed volume control, hence favoring the ventilatory strategy based on normalization of the arterial gases. Studies conducted i...

Murine models are extensively used to investigate acute injuries of different organs systems. Acute lung injury (ALI), which occurs with prolonged mechanical ventilation, contributes to morbidity and mortality of critical illness, and studies on novel genetic or pharmacological targets are areas of intense investigation. ALI is defined by the acute onset of the disease, which leads to non-cardi...

We describe an enclosed afferent reservoir (EAR) breathing system developed by Ohmeda and designed to operate efficiently in spontaneous and controlled ventilation. The efficiency of the system was evaluated by calculating the fractional utilization of fresh gas in 10 ASA I-III patients during anaesthesia with controlled ventilation. Maximum efficiency occurred when the minute ventilation to fr...

Even if the performance of a given ventilator has been evaluated in the laboratory under very well controlled conditions, inappropriate maintenance and lack of long-term stability and accuracy of the ventilator sensors may lead to ventilation errors in actual clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the actual performances of ventilators during clinical routines. A resistance (7...

The aim of the present study was to explore a novel insight to determine the positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) for sustained ventilation after lung recruitment in an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model. Continuous infusion of oleic acid was performed to establish a ARDS model. Pressure control ventilation (PCV) was applied for lung recruitment with PEEP of 20 cm H2O. After lu...

The objective of this randomized controlled manikin trial was to examine tidal volume (VT) delivery and ventilation rate during mask positive pressure ventilation (PPV) with five different devices, including a volume-controlled prototype Next Step™ device for neonatal resuscitation. We hypothesized that VT and rate would be closest to target with the Next Step™. Twenty-five Neonatal Resuscitati...