Urban environments like city centers are recognized as one of the most complex systems for modeling. Because of their high density of big buildings as well as their complicated processes, there is the strong need for planning and managing properly. Here, the heavy trend towards web-enabled systems can help to improve communication, organization and decision-making in favor. In the field of urba...

BACKGROUND An internet-based survey of influenza-like illness (ILI)--the Great Influenza Survey or GIS--was launched in the Netherlands in the 2003-2004 influenza season. The aim of the present study was to validate the representativeness of the GIS population and to compare the GIS data with the official ILI data obtained by Dutch GPs participating in the Dutch Sentinel Practice Network. MET...

Simulations of total runoff and fine sediment yield in Goodwin Creek watershed, which covers 21Ð3 km2 in Mississippi, were carried out using a hydrological model-GIS system. The system includes the recently released Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model version 2000 and AVSWAT version 1Ð0, the supporting interface with ArcView GIS. Among the required GIS input, some are commonly available...

Constraints are important elements of every modelling process but until now they have not received much attention in GIS. In GIS, constraints are conditions, which always have to be valid (true) within the model populated with real geographic object instances. In this paper we argue that constraints should be part of the object class definition, similar to other aspects of the object class defi...

Knowledge of behavior climatic indexes can be help to planning future programs Bahabad study area in the eastern part of the province of Yazd with a hot and dry climate, high potential evapotranspiration and low rainfall has a high potential for desertification. The aim of this research is evaluation of classification intensity by IMDPA model with emphasis to climate criteria. The indices inclu...