Despite the growing number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected women who are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, there is limited information on body weight status and weight gain in pregnancy in this population. The issue is relevant, because inadequate or excessive body mass index (BMI) and weight gain in pregnancy are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in the general popula...

background: the pregnancy was a risk factor for excessive weight gain for women. however, there is no information about the prevalence of obesity and its relationship with a history of pregnancy in girls. therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate differences in the prevalence of obesity in adolescent females with a history of pregnancy and fac­tors associated with it, in korea. me...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a weight-gain restriction program on weight development or weight maintenance 2 years after childbirth. DESIGN A case-control intervention study. SETTING Antenatal care clinics in the southeast of Sweden. SAMPLE One hundred and fifty-five obese pregnant women who participated in a weight-gain restriction program with weekly support during pregnancy ...

BACKGROUND The rising population of individuals identified with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) calls for further investigation of its underlying etiology. A disturbance in the fetal steroid hormone environment may be a mechanism in which environmental and genetic risk factors interact. The mother, fetus, and placenta collectively create the fetal steroid environment. Prepregnancy BMI and pre...

Maternal malnutrition is common in the developing world and has detrimental effects on both the mother and infant. Pre-pregnancy nutritional status and weight gain during pregnancy are positively related to fetal growth and development. Internationally, there is no agreement on the method of diagnosis or treatment of moderate or severe malnutrition during pregnancy. Establishing clear guideline...

Introduction Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is important for the short-term and long-term health of mother and child. If gestational weight gain is too low, there is an increased risk of low birth weight and preterm birth (1). In contrast, if gestational weight gain is excessive, there is an elevated risk of gestational diabetes, excessive intrauterine growth, caesarean delivery, materna...