Preclinical Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 (J.R., J.E.H., L.O.W., A.B., C.J.S.S., J.W.P.), Preclinical Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Ware, UK (J.P.K.); Preclinical Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, PA 19406 (J.R.K.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuo...

This publication is a review on the preclinical model used today for Parkinson's disease that take in consideration both preclinical model based on neurotoxin or mutations associated to familial Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this commentary is to introduce a new point of view about the actual preclinical models, open discussion, and propose a new preclinical model. The use of correct pre...

Historically the Brazilian pharmaceutical industry went through different phases, which reflected, at least in part, national economic stages. Until the last decade Brazil was dominated by foreign pharmaceutical industry. This has been changing as some national companies, supported by the federal government, have started developing new molecules derived from academic research, as well as produc...

As in several previous instances, the International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, the official journal of the CINP, publishes high-level reviews based on presentations made at CINP Congresses. The following Section of this Issue of the International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology contains four review articles written by speakers of two different symposia at the 28 Congress of the CINP...

Life sciences provide reasonably sound prognosis for a number and nature of therapeutic targets on which drug design could be based, and search for new chemical entities--future new drugs, is now more than ever based on scientific principles. Nevertheless, current very long and incredibly costly drug discovery and development process is very inefficient, with attrition rate spanning from many t...

جلاع ررقم سيردتل ةيلومش ةرظن يطعت ةساردلا هذه :فادهلأا سردي يذلاو ةيريرسلا لبقام ةلحرلما يف نانسلأا باصعاو روذج .ةيدوعسلا ةيبرعلا ةكلملماب نانسأ بط تايلك 6 قرعأ يف ىلع تجرخ يتلاو نانسلأا بط تايلك رايتخا تم :ةقيرطلا ةساردلا تلمش دقو .نانسلأا ةيلك بلاط نم ينتعفد لقلأا ةكم ةقطنم نم ةيلك ،)ىطسولا( ضايرلا ةقطنم نم ينتيلك نم ةيلك ، )ةيبونلجا( اهبأ ةقطنم نم ةيلك ، )ةيبرغلا( ةمركلما لاسرإ تم .ةيقرشلا ة...

The World Health Organization defines chronic diseases as ones of long duration and generally slow progression (http://www.who.int/topics/ chronic_diseases/en). Chronic diseases are characterized by complex causality, multiple risk factors, long latency periods, a prolonged course of illness, and functional impairment or disability (http://www.aihw.gov.au/chronicdiseases). Many conditions can b...

Daniel I. Sessler, MD† BACKGROUND: In previous studies, we showed that failure to respond to automated responsiveness monitor (ARM) precedes potentially serious sedationrelated adversities associated with loss of responsiveness, and that the ARM was not susceptible to false-positive responses. It remains unknown, however, whether loss and return of response to the ARM occur at similar sedation ...

Sick preterm and term newborns are highly vulnerable to neural injury, and thus there has been a major search for new, safe and efficacious neuroprotective interventions in recent decades. Preclinical studies are essential to select candidate drugs for clinical trials in humans. This article focuses on 'negative' preclinical studies, i.e. studies where significant differences cannot be detected...