Abszracl-Satellite microwave scatterometer wind retrievals, given in the standard product (e.g., QuikSCAT LZB), badly underestimate the peak wind speed in tropical cyclones. One important reason is that the effects of precipitation on the normalized radar cross section sigma-0 are neglected in the processing algorithms. This paper presents results of a first attempt to provide sigma-0 correctio...

Hydrotalcite nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of aqueous Mg(NO(3))(2)·6H(2)O and Al(NO(3))(3)·9H(2)O in the presence of urea and subsequent microwave-hydrothermal treatment. The nanoparticles were activated with saturated aqueous Ca(OH)(2), and used to hydrolyze cellulose. A maximum hydrolysis yield of 47.4% with high glucose selectivity (85.8%) was achieved at 423 K. The nano...

To provide a long-term global basis of precipitation information, satellite passive microwave observations have been widely used in the past decades to estimate surface rain rate. Among various approaches, some algorithms have invoked Bayes theorem to retrieve a single instantaneous rain rate and vertical hydrometeor profiles (Evans et al., 1995; Olson et al., 1996; Kummerow et al., 1996; Bauer...

A methodologically simple approach to estimate snow depth from spaceborne microwave instruments is described. The scattering signal observed in multifrequency passive microwave data is used to detect snow cover. Wet snow, frozen ground, precipitation, and other anomalous scattering signals are screened using established methods. The results from two different approaches (a simple time and conti...

An inadequate correction for wet-antenna attenuation (WAA) often causes a notable bias in quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) from commercial microwave links (CMLs) limiting the usability of these rainfall data hydrological applications. This article analyzes how WAA can be corrected without dedicated monitoring set 16 CMLs. Using collected over 53 events, performance six empirical mode...

This study examines the information content on hydrometeors that could be provided by a future HYperspectral Microwave Sensor (HYMS) with frequencies ranging from 6.9 to 874 GHz (millimeter and sub-millimeter regions). Through optimal estimation theory the information content is expressed quantitatively in terms of degrees of freedom for signal (DFS). For that purpose the Atmospheric Radiative ...