INTRODUCTION In response to a significant increase of measles cases and a high percentage of unvaccinated adolescents in New South Wales, Australia, a measles high school catch-up vaccination programme was implemented between August and December 2014. This study aimed to explore the factors affecting school-based supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) and to inform future SIA and routine ...

A challenge facing immunization registries is developing measures of childhood immunization coverage that contain more information for setting policy than present vaccine series up-to-date (UTD) rates. This study combined milestone analysis with provider encounter data to determine when children either do not receive indicated immunizations during medical encounters or fail to visit providers. ...

The pathology of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease in bonnet monkeys parallels findings with human RSV disease. RSV-infected animals pre-immunized with a formalin-inactivated (FI) RSV vaccine develop inflammation in peribronchiolar, perivascular, interstitial and intra-alveolar sites with lung inflammation scores significantly higher than animals with a primary RSV infection and those p...

The association of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) with increased infection by 2009 pandemic H1N1 (A(H1N1)pdm09) virus, initially observed in Canada, has elicited numerous investigations on the possibility of vaccine-associated enhanced disease, but the potential mechanisms remain largely unresolved. Here, we investigated if prior immunization with TIV enhanced disease upon A(H1N1)pd...

The immune responses to influenza, a virus that exhibits strain variation, show complex dynamics where prior immunity shapes the response to the subsequent infecting strains. Original antigenic sin (OAS) describes the observation that antibodies to the first encountered influenza strain, specifically antibodies to the epitopes on the head of influenza's main surface glycoprotein, haemagglutinin...

This study aims to analyze the legal consequences arising from occurrence of Post Immunization Adverse Events (KIPI) in implementation complete basic immunization Banten Province. type research uses a normative juridical approach. Based on results study, it is known that AEFI immunization, both those who practice outside their authority and if an error occurs due negligence can be subject "disc...

One of the Goals Sustainable Development is to ensure a healthy life and support well-being for all at ages, one ways through immunization. Immunization an effort actively generate or increase person's immunity disease, so that when exposed he she will not become sick only experience mild illness. The purpose this study was public understanding importance immunization, especially measles rubell...

BBackground: We have previously reported that immunization with GRA 2 antigen of Toxoplasma gondii induces protective immunity in CBA /J (H2k) and BALB/c mice (H2d). We aimed to examine whether immunization of a distinct strain of rodent with recombinant dense granule antigens (GRA2) combined with monophosphorryl lipid A (MPL) adjuvant elicits protective immune response against T. gondii. Metho...

The 55 codons upstream of the gene sequence encoding the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) are called the pre-S(2) region. It has been proposed that polypeptides of high molecular weight that contain the pre-S(2) region should be included in future hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines. The pre-S(2) region and the S gene product [25 kilodalton (kD)] together compose a polypeptide of high molecular...