INTRODUCTION The lipofibrohamartoma is a rare entity of unknown origin that can affect any peripheral nerves, but mainly being found in the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. The lipofibrohamartoma is frequently associated with other conditions such as macrodactyly, the Proteus and Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndromes and multiple exostosis, among others. CLINICAL CASES Two cases of lipofibr...

INTRODUCTION The ability to reliably include a skin paddle with the fibula osteoseptocutaneous (OSC) flap is crucial both from the perspective soft tissue reconstruction and flap monitoring. In this study, we describe a three-step approach to the harvest of the fibula OSC flap that is reliable and versatile. METHODS AND MATERIALS Step 1 starts by exploring the posterior crural septum from the...

Introduction: The ankle syndesmosis is a critical articulation between the distal tibia and fibula and is comprised of the anterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL), interosseous ligament (IOL), interosseous membrane, posterior-inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL) and inferior transverse ligament (ITL) [1, 2]. The detrimental effects of syndesmotic malreduction have been documented in t...

Muscular variations of the extensor compartment of the forearm are generally encountered during surgical and dissection procedures. Additional bellies, extra tendons, and abnormal attachment are such reported variations. Knowledge of these kinds of variation are important for hand surgeons to plan the surgical procedure and modify their approach to that case, or the surgeon can take the advanta...

BACKGROUND The medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap is becoming a popular strategy for reconstructing intraoral defects. We present a case in which no MSAPs were present, however, a perforator-based calf flap was successfully raised on the sural artery and used for tongue reconstruction. A corresponding anatomic study was undertaken to establish if this finding was reproducible. METHODS...

BACKGROUND In patients with large dural defects of the anterior and ventral skull base after endonasal skull base surgery, there is a significant risk of a postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak after reconstruction. Reconstruction with vascularized tissue is desirable to facilitate rapid healing, especially in irradiated patients. METHODS We developed a neurovascular pedicled flap of the nas...

OBJECTIVES The introduction of the pedicled nasoseptal flap (NSF) has decreased postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rates from >20% to <5% during expanded endoscopic skull base surgery. The NSF must be raised at the beginning of the operation to protect the posterior pedicle during the expanded sphenoidotomy. However, in most pituitary tumor cases, an intraoperative CSF leak is not exp...

INTRODUCTION Achilles tendon and posterior heel wound complications are difficult to treat. These typically require soft tissue coverage via microvascular free tissue transfer at a tertiary referral center. Here, we describe coverage of a series of posterior heel and Achilles wounds via simple, local tissue transfer, called a bipedicle fasciocutaneous flap. This flap can be performed by an orth...

This study confirms that the median artery may persist in adult life in 2 different patterns, palmar and antebrachial, based on their vascular territory. The palmar type, which represents the embryonic pattern, is large, long and reaches the palm. The antebrachial type,which represents a partial regression of the embryonic artery is slender, short, and terminates before reaching the wrist. Thes...