Scholars have pointed to ethnic and other social divisions as a leading cause of economic underdevelopment, due in part to their adverse effects on public good provision and collective action. We investigate this issue in post-war Sierra Leone, one of the world’s poorest countries. To address concerns over endogenous local ethnic composition, and in an advance over most existing empirical work,...

The wandering spleen is a rare condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of one or all of the splenic suspensory ligaments that resulting in increased splenic mobility and rarely torsion. Preventing infarction is the aim of a prompt surgery by splenopexy. We report a case of salvage splenopexy in torsion of a wandering spleen in a three year old girl presented with severe abdom...

The authors of this work, who are on the staff of Stoke Park Colony, Stapleton, Bristol, England, were asked by several persons to epitomize something of the real achievements in the recent study of mental deficiency and the basis of this condition in the underdevelopment of the nervous system. The book, as written, is addressed to the medical man, and also to the general reader. It is not writ...

In 1927 Fanconi described under the title 'familial pericious-like anaemia in children' three brothers with fatal refractory anaemia associated with pigmentation of the skin, testicular atrophy, microcephaly, underdevelopment, squint, and increased tendon jerks. In the same paper he reported a case with muscular dystrophy, pigmentation, testicular hypoplasia, microcephaly, and anaemia of a simi...

The basis of the creative process is imagination, which determines development child's personality, a component any activity, an integral part socialisation. use non-traditional drawing techniques in working with children general speech underdevelopment for correctional and developmental purposes can improve develop creativity, hand-eye coordination. As result study, we identified levels imagin...

Sign language is characterized by its interactivity and multimodality, which cause difficulties in data collection and annotation. To address these difficulties, we have developed a video-based Japanese sign language (JSL) corpus and a corpus tool for annotation and linguistic analysis. As the first step of linguistic annotation, we transcribed manual signs expressing lexical information as wel...

Researchers in development studies have expressed discomfort at the hierarchy inherent use of ‘North’ and ‘South’, cognate concepts like ‘First’ ‘Third World’, or ‘emerging economies’. Instead setting aside terminology, this article delves into layered meaning-making around notion South. Drawing on multi- inter-disciplinary perspectives, it maps out South as (1) territory constructed through hi...