A stochastic aggregation technique is developed and used to reduce generally distributed stochastic transition systems to a soluble example. By aggregating carefully, we can derive the entire stationary distribution for the original stochastic transition system. This paper examines the possibility of constructing a solution technique for generally distributed process algebras. Further, we demon...

Quadratic pencils arise in many areas of important applications. The underlying physical systems often impose inherent structures, which include the predetermined inner-connectivity among elements within the physical system and the mandatory nonnegativity of physical parameters, on the pencils. In the inverse problem of reconstructing a quadratic pencil from prescribed eigeninformation, respect...

Within the framework of generally covariant (pre-metric) electrodynamics, we specify a local vacuum spacetime relation between the excitation H = (D,H) and the field strength F = (E,B). We study the propagation of electromagnetic waves in such a spacetime by Hadamard’s method and arrive, with the constitutive tensor density κ ∼ ∂H/∂F , at a Fresnel equation which is algebraic of 4th order in th...

This paper first presents a theoretical interpretation of the translation process. It then analyzes existing machine-translation research strategies and points out that some of the generally accepted principles of these strategies are not optimal. Finally, an alternative strategy is proposed, based on the author's theoretical position and research results. The possibility of achieving independe...

In analogy to a perturbed harmonic oscillator, we calculate the fundamental and some other higher order soliton solutions of the nonlocal nonlinear Schödinger equation (NNLSE) in the second approximation in the generally nonlocal case. Comparing with numerical simulations we show that soliton solutions in the second approximation can describe the generally nonlocal soliton states of the NNLSE m...