This tutorial explains in detail what factorial validity is and how to run its various aspects in PLS. The tutorial is written as a teaching aid for doctoral seminars that may cover PLS and for researchers interested in learning PLS. An annotated example with data is provided as an additional tool to assist the reader in reconstructing the detailed example.

This study attempts to investigate the effects of entrepreneurial orientation and learning orientation on SMEs’ performance. A total of 200 SMEs from the electronic and electrical sector, and 250 SMEs from food and beverage industries were chosen randomly. The results of this study show that entrepreneurial orientation dimensions (innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk taking) and learning ori...

Structural equation modeling employing the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM) has been extensively used in business research. Often the use of this method is justified based on claims about its unique performance with small samples and non-normal data, which call for performance analyses. How normal and non-normal data are created for the performance analyses are examined. A method is propo...

The successes of web design by learning relates to the pre-service teachers’ personality. Unfortunately, relationship between personality and technological pedagogical content knowledge related Web (TPACK-Web) still uncertain. main objective this study was explore Five-Factor Model (FFM) TPACK-Web teacher in Indonesia (N=309). To examine correlation among two packages variables, descriptive sta...

PURPOSE This study developed light cured dental composites with added monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), tristrontium phosphate (TSrP) and antimicrobial polylysine (PLS). The aim was to produce composites that have enhanced water sorption induced expansion, can promote apatite precipitation and release polylysine. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental composite formulations consisted of l...

We discuss common method bias in the context of structural equation modeling employing the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM). Two datasets were created through a Monte Carlo simulation to illustrate the discussion: one contaminated by common method bias, and the other not contaminated. A practical approach is presented for the identification of common method bias based on variance inflatio...

Implementing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems in an organization-wide setting is usually a costly venture, yet there is no guarantee that the targeted users of such systems will adopt and use them effectively for the benefit of the organization. Technology acceptance studies have been conducted widely and various models developed in an attempt to predict the critical deter...

The organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), which is explained as a discretionary behavior of employees, is inevitable in the global competitive scenario, because organizations are highly competitive and their differentiation is primarily related to people. The organizational citizenship is considered as a “contextual performance”, which is related to the specific non-task aspects. Such a “s...

People continuously experience various types of engagement through social media, mobile interaction, location-based applications, and other technologically advanced environments. Often, integral parts of such sociotechnical contexts often are information systems designed to change behaviors and attitudes of their users by leveraging powers of social influence, further defined as socially influe...

Monte Carlo experiments aimed at assessing the statistical power of structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques typically focus on true population path coefficients, ignoring true sample path coefficients. We demonstrate the limitations stemming from such practice in statistical power assessments. This is done in the context of SEM techniques employing the partial least squares (PLS) method, ...