Apoptosis is critical in the pathogenesis of several infectious diseases. The induction of apoptosis was assessed in mouse lymph node cells by four bacteria recovered from infected human dental pulp: Gemella morbillorum, Clostridium butyricum, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Smaller lymph nodes and smaller numbers of cells were observed after experimental dental pulp i...

Dosage compensation is a chromosome-wide regulatory process that balances X-chromosome gene expression between males and females that have different complements. Recent advances have clarified the molecular nature of the Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determination signal, which tallies X-chromosome number relative to the ploidy and controls both the choice of sexual fate and the process of dosage ...

Abstract Resource limitations shape the outcome of competitions between heterogeneous pre-malignant cells. One example such heterogeneity is in ploidy (DNA content) High-ploidy cells need more resources, to synthesize increasing amounts DNA, RNA and proteins. To model how subpopulations with variable DNA-content compete resource limited environment human brain we developed a stochastic state-sp...

The first part of this two-part review of established and emerging breast cancer biomarkers and molecular diagnostics considers breast cancer predisposition, screening tests for diagnosis, diagnosis using small specimens and metastatic lesions, micrometastatic disease and breast cancer prognosis assessment. Prognostic factors covered in this review include: cytogenetic markers, DNA ploidy and S...

Axolotl limb stumps with dorsal-ventral confrontations between digits 2 and 3 but with a normal anterior-posterior pattern were created by grafting between contralateral limbs. Graft and host differed in ploidy to permit a determination of the origin of cells in the regenerated limb. After regeneration, limbs were analysed for skeletal and muscle patterns and for the distribution of marked cell...

Cellular DNA content is a discriminator of cell cycle stage and ploidy. Using pepsin digestion for cell disper sal, a combination of ethidium bromide and mithramycin for DNA fluorochromation, and a new sheath flow cham ber in a PHYWE ICP-11 pulse cytophotometer, we ob tained DNA histograms with high resolution (coefficient of variation, 2.0 to 7.0; mean, 3.3%) on biopsy samples of solid tumors....

The liquid-based cytology (ThinPrep) is an alternative to the long-used conventional cytology that received Food and Drug Administration approval in 1996. The purpose of the current study was to determine the diagnostic cytomorphologic criteria of ThinPrep cytology and a comparison of the accuracy of conventional and ThinPrep cytology in investigation of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer....