We measured the in situ polarization-dependent X-ray absorption fine structure of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) deposited on a flat highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrate under electrochemical conditions using a back-side illumination method. In this method, the thin HOPG substrate with PtNPs deposited on one side was used as a window for incident and fluorescent X-rays, as well a...

In this letter, HfO2 based RRAM with varying device sizes are discussed with an analysis on their electrical characteristics. Device sizes of 60nm and 120nm were achieved by using different thickness of nitride spacer after 200nm contact hole is formed. Platinum (Pt) bottom electrode and Titanium Nitride (TiN) top electrode were used with HfO2 dielectric as the resistance switching layer. Unifo...

A novel potential treatment technique applied to a glucose biosensor that is based on pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) and chromium hexacyanoferrate (CrHCF) incorporated into a platinum (Pt) electrode was demonstrated. CrHCF, serving as a mediator, was electrochemically deposited on the Pt electrode as ascertained by CV, SEM, FTIR and XPS measurements. The po...

In this paper, we describe an amperometric-type enzymeless glucose sensing system based on a nanoporous platinum (Pt) electrode embedded in a microfluidic chip. This microchip system is comprised of a microfluidic transport channel network and a miniaturized electrochemical cell for nonenzymatic glucose sensing. Sample and buffer solutions were transferred to the cell by programmed electroosmot...

In this work, novel MoS2/nitrogen-doped carbon shell–core microspheres (MNCS) have been designed and prepared through the microwave-assisted method, and used as counter electrodes for platinum-free dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The results show that as-prepared shell–core composite microspheres possess low charge transfer resistance and high electrocatalytic activity. When used as a counte...

A new amperometric uric acid biosensor was developed by immobilizing uricase by a glutaraldehyde crosslinking procedure on polyaniline-polypyrrole (pani-ppy) composite film on the surface of a platinum electrode. Determination of uric acid was performed by the oxidation of enzymatically generated H₂O₂ at 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The linear working range of the biosensor was 2.5×10-6 - 8.5×10-5 M and ...

Open circuit potential (OCP) measurements can be very sensitive to small changes in the electrode environment and may allow detection of electron transfer events involving few, and maybe single, electrons. Factors affecting the overall sensitivity of OCP measurements were investigated to achieve the highest sensitivity. The OCP of platinum ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) was determined in solutions...

Because, each electrode response depends upon its material nature as well as its surface properties, gold (Au) and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes were investigated as inert indicator electrodes (IIE) in addition to platinum (Pt). Indeed, platinum differs from gold as it has the higher exchange current density (10 mA/cm2 for Pt, against 0.3 mA/cm2 for Au). However, gold is known as a more inert m...

It is currently not possible to record electromyographic (EMG) signals from many locations concurrently inside the muscle in a single wire electrode system. We developed a thin-film wire electrode system for multichannel intramuscular EMG recordings. The system was fabricated using a micromachining process, with a silicon wafer as production platform for polyimide-based electrodes. In the curre...